Arvanitoyannis, Ioannis S. (author) and Krystallis, Athanasios (author)
Format:
Book chapter
Publication Date:
2004
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C21761
Notes:
Pages 67-87 in George Baourakes (ed.), Marketing trends for organic food in the 21st Century. World Scientific Publishing Co., Pte. Ltd., Singapore. 338 pages.
14 pages., via online journal., Consumers in industrialized countries are nowadays much more interested in information about the production methods and components of the food products that they eat, than they had been 50 years ago. Some production methods are perceived as less “natural” (i.e. conventional agriculture) while some food components are seen as “unhealthy” and “unfamiliar” (i.e. artificial additives). This phenomenon, often referred to as the “clean label” trend, has driven the food industry to communicate whether a certain ingredient or additive is not present or if the food has been produced using a more “natural” production method (i.e. organic agriculture). However, so far there is no common and objective definition of clean label. This review paper aims to fill the gap via three main objectives, which are to a) develop and suggest a definition that integrates various understandings of clean label into one single definition, b) identify the factors that drive consumers' choices through a review of recent studies on consumer perception of various food categories understood as clean label with the focus on organic, natural and ‘free from’ artificial additives/ingredients food products and c) discuss implications of the consumer demand for clean label food products for food manufacturers as well as policy makers. We suggest to define clean label, both in a broad sense, where consumers evaluate the cleanliness of product by assumption and through inference looking at the front-of-pack label and in a strict sense, where consumers evaluate the cleanliness of product by inspection and through inference looking at the back-of-pack label. Results show that while ‘health’ is a major consumer motive, a broad diversity of drivers influence the clean label trend with particular relevance of intrinsic or extrinsic product characteristics and socio-cultural factors. However, ‘free from’ artificial additives/ingredients food products tend to differ from organic and natural products. Food manufacturers should take the diversity of these drivers into account in developing new products and communication about the latter. For policy makers, it is important to work towards a more homogenous understanding and application of the term of clean label and identify a uniform definition or regulation for ‘free from’ artificial additives/ingredients food products, as well as work towards decreasing consumer misconceptions. Finally, multiple future research avenues are discussed.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 148 Document Number: C23820
Notes:
Meatingplace.com via Food Safety Network. 2 pages., Summarizes new research by the American Meat Institute and the Food Marketing Institute about factors influencing shoppers' meat purchases.
Bhatta, G.D. (author), Doppler, W. (author), Finco, V.A. (author), and Finco,V. (author)
Format:
Paper
Publication Date:
2010-09-14
Published:
Nepal
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 178 Document Number: C30733
Notes:
Presented at Tropentag 2010, Conference on International Research on Food Security, Natural Resource Management and Rural Development, Zurich, Switzerland, September 14-16, 2010. 1 page.
24 pages., Online via UI e-subscription, Researchers examined colors and pictures of food and drinks to determine what, if any, impact these aspects have on consumer beliefs regarding important product characteristics. Findings suggested that even when very concrete verbal information is used, graphical representations had a significant and long-term effect on product beliefs and purchase intentions.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C27581
Notes:
Posted at http://www.wkkf.org, Pages 1-30 in Perceptions of the U.S. food system: what and how Americans think about their food. W.K. Kellogg Foundation, Battle Creek, Michigan. 88 pages.
Brown, Mark G. (author), Lee, Jong-Ying (author), and Behr, Robert M. (author)
Format:
Paper
Publication Date:
1990-08
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 30 Document Number: D10577
Notes:
17 pages., via conference paper presented at the American Agricultural Economics Association conference, August 1990., Analysis of grocery-store scanner data suggested that consumer confusion may exist between the two products, with advertising of grapefruit juice increasing demand for both.
Available online at www.centmapress.org, Results indicated that study participants had specific expectations regarding the husbandry conditions, but also regarding the product characteristics and the labelling of dual-purpose chickens.
9 pages., Via online journal., Certain pesticides are coming under scrutiny because of their impact on pollinator insects. Although most consumers express willingness to aid pollinators, the reasons for consumers’ preferences or barriers to purchasing pollinator-friendly plants and the types of pollinators’ that consumers are trying to protect are less understood. Using an online survey of 1200 Connecticut (CT) consumers, of which 841 had home landscapes, we find that 46% of consumers with home landscapes purchased pollinator-friendly plants to attract pollinators to their landscape. Consistent with past research that focused on consumers’ preferences for pollinator-friendly plants, the data also reveal that some consumers are willing to pay premiums for plants that contribute to pollinator’s health. However, only 17% stated that attracting pollinators was their primary motivation; a finding that suggests labeling alone will likely not motivate consumers to purchase plants. The major barriers to purchasing pollinator-friendly plants included lack of labeling (cited by 28%), followed by high price (28%). Consumers purchasing pollinator-friendly plants were trying to attract butterflies (Lepidoptera) (78%), bees (Apidae) (59%), hummingbirds (Trochilidae) (59%), and other birds (41%). We also find that demographics and purchasing behavior affect barriers and types of pollinators desired. Simply labeling plants has the potential to increase purchasing, but increasing price could be detrimental as many consumers feel pollinator-friendly plants are highly priced. Implications for ornamental horticulture stakeholders are discussed.
Candel, Math J.J.M. (author) and van Trijp, Hans C.M. (author)
Format:
Book chapter
Publication Date:
1997
Published:
Netherlands
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C20440
Notes:
Pages 201-215 in Berend Wierenga, Aad van Tilburg, Klaus Grunert, Jan-Benedict E.M. Steenkamp and Michel Wedel (eds.), Agricultural marketing and consumer behavior in a changing world. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, Massachusetts. 314 pages.
18 pages., via online journal, As food products marketed as “gluten-free” become increasingly popular, many consumers start to exclude sources of gluten (e.g., wheat, barley, and rye) from their diets for both medical and non-medical purposes. The grain industry is facing a growing challenge to (re)boost consumers’ confidence in the healthiness and safety of its commodities. Using 561 participants recruited from the Amazon Mechanical Turk workers’ panel, this study implemented a 2 (pretzels vs. potato chips) * 2 (positive- vs. negative- frame) * 2 (wheat image vs. no wheat image) experiment to examine the effects of gluten-free labels on consumers’ perceived healthiness and safety of wheat, perceived benefits of labeled products, and their evaluation of the shown labels. Results showed that consumers evaluate the gluten-free labels most positively when they appear on products that could have contained gluten. For products that are naturally gluten-free, adding a gluten-free label only decreased consumers’ confidence in such labels. The presence of gluten-free labels increased consumers’ perceived benefits of the labeled products when they do not contain any misleading information (e.g., image of a wheat head). However, some gluten-free labels could have negative impacts on consumers’ perceptions of the healthiness and safety of wheat. Overall, food producers and marketers might have undervalued consumers’ literacy and overestimated their susceptibility to marketing strategies. We discussed the implications for food marketers, regulators, and communicators.
7 pages., Online via UI e-subscription, Through experiment methodology, authors investigated the relative influence of nutritional warnings and two marketing strategies commonly used in food labels, nutrition claims, and fruit images on consumers' healthfulness judgments. Findings documented the impact of nutritional warnings on perceived healthfulness.
Chakrabarti, Anwesha (author), Campbell, Benjamin L. (author), Shonkwiler, Vanessa (author), and Department of Agricultural and Resource Economics, University of Connecticut
Center for Agribusiness and Economic Development, University of Georgia
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
2019-03
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 16 Document Number: D10441
16 pages., As consumer demand for food labeling becomes increasingly important, producers and retailers
can include various labeling to attract new customers. This study investigates Connecticut
consumers’ preferences and willingness to pay for mushrooms marketed with various labels using
a latent class approach to identify classes within the market. Results reveal three market segments
(price/GMO-label, locally/organically grown, and traditional mushroom varieties). Overall, only
a third of consumers valued the “locally grown” or “organic” labels, so charging a premium for
these labels might alienate a majority of consumers. Finally, GMO labeled mushrooms are
discounted, but the non-GMO label receives little value.
Chern, Wen S. (author) and Rickertsen, Kyrre (author)
Format:
Book chapter
Publication Date:
2004
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C21748
Notes:
Pages 95-109 in Robert E.Evenson and Vittorio Santaniello (eds.), Consumer acceptance of genetically modified foods. CABI Publishing, Oxon, United Kingdom. 235 pages.
Clark, Andrea (author), Harvey, Mark. L. (author), Kane, Deborah (author), and Social Sciences National Technology Development Team, Natural Resources Conservation Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C.
Format:
Report
Publication Date:
2004-12-28
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 164 Document Number: C27276
Survey and auction results reveal a lack of understanding of the label's meaning as well as a disconnect between the label's function (involving production methods) and consumers' motivations for buying organic (e.g., support for a local sustainable food system).
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 177 Document Number: C30498
Notes:
Via Food Systems Insider. 1 page., About a petition from the Corn Refiners Association to the FDA requesting the option to use "corn sugar" as an alternative name for "high fructose corn syrup."
Costa, L. (author), Sottomayor, M. (author), and Mendes, A. (author)
Format:
Book chapter
Publication Date:
2004
Published:
Portugal
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C21768
Notes:
Pages 303-320 in George Baourakes (ed.), Marketing trends for organic food in the 21st Century. World Scientific Publishing Co., Pte. Ltd., Singapore. 338 pages.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 142 Document Number: C21951
Notes:
2 pages., Results of a survey of nearly 4,000 consumers online about healthy eating, eating out, in-store food options, consumer responsibility and food purchasing.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 146 Document Number: C23348
Notes:
Alternet, a project of the Independent Media Institute. 6 pages., Describes some potentials and risks of nanotechnology, as developed within the food sector. Includes discussion of consumer trust and public concerns.
