Ferguson, Denise E. (author), Friesen-Schroeder, Carol A. (author), Wray, Pamela S. (author), and Marion County Health Department, Indianapolis, IN; Marion County Health Department, Indianapolis, IN; Marion County Health Department, Indianapolis, IN
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07876
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., Healthy People 2000 Objective 2.6 encourages Americans to increase their consumption of fruits and vegetables to at least 5 or more servings per day. To help grade school children establish "fruit and vegetable-friendly" consumption patterns, a K-6 nutrition education curriculum emphasizing the "5 A Day for Better Health" principles was developed. Results of the pilot project, previously presented at SNE, were used to change the focus of the curriculum from a public health nurse-taught curriculum to a teacher-taught curriculum. Objectives of the second phase of the "5 A Day" curriculum project were to: 1) rewrite the curriculum so a classroom teacher with minimal nutrition knowledge could successfully teach the course, 2) offer "train-the-trainer" workshops to area elementary school teachers, and 3) compare students knowledge about, attitude toward and consumption of fruits and vegetables between teacher-taught and public health nurse-taught classes. Curriculum revisions were completed in October of 1993. To date, 221 elementary teachers have been trained in the "5 A Day" curriculum. Preliminary independent analysis of pre-/post-test results for both teachers (n=223) and nurses (n=4,562) indicates students demonstrated an increased knowledge about, an improved attitude toward, and an increased consumption of fruits and vegetables. A comparison of the teacher-taught and nurse-taught classes awaits further data collection. Students and teachers alike indicate this curriculum, approved by the National Cancer Institute, is a fun, "a-peeling" way to help foster healthier habits among today's youngsters!
Abbott, Barbara B. (author), Berkland, Melva L. (author), and Extension Communication Systems, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07837
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Mimeographed, 1994. 6 p. Paper presented at the International Agricultural Communicators in Education Conference, Moscow, ID/Pullman, WA, July 16-20, 1994.
Senemaud, Beatrice (author / Food Policy and Nutrition Division, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, Rome Italy)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07892
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., The paper will present the approach taken by Sahelian countries for nutrition education for the public. It will show the synergistic linkages between various media (e.g., rural radio, script, visuals, video, etc.) within an overall nutrition education program. The participatory role of the public as beneficiaries, as well as actors, in the program will be shown. Through this project the institutional capacities of countries for comprehensive nutrition education programs were strengthened through training of technical staff and the establishment of a network for information exchange. Each country elaborated appropriate strategies and plan for a nationwide program on nutrition education. The role of different UN agencies (FAO, UNICEF, WHO) and international NGOs (HKI, AED) in this project is elucidated. The usefulness of the intersectoral and multimedia approach taken for other countries will be shown.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07853
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Paper presented at the International Agricultural Communicators in Education Conference, Moscow, ID/Pullman, WA, July 16-20, 1994.
Gibson, Terry (author / University of Wisconsin) and University of Wisconsin
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 98 Document Number: C08049
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, In: The Information Age: what it means for extension and its constituents. Columbia, MO: Cooperative Extension Service, University of Missouri, 1994. (Proceedings of a North Central Region Extension workshop for marketing and management specialists, May 24-26, 1994, St. Louis, MO.) p. 145-150.
Beall, Deborah Lane (author), Foerster, Susan (author), Knobel, Susan (author), Livingston, Sally (author), and Magnuson, Helen (author)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07875
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., Fruit and vegetable consumption by children falls well below recommended levels. NCI's 5 A Day Program targets adults only. California's health department, produce industry, education department and American Cancer Society are reaching 4th and 5th graders with a child-driven campaign that offers adult intermediaries new, easy ways to engage kids. It applies resiliency theory (used in substance abuse) to help kids manage negatives in their food environment. Research and development, testing, revision, implementation, evaluation, and institutionalization will conclude by mid-1995. A 3-year marketing plan mobilized partners' efforts. Initial research with children and adult opinion leaders determined the focus, design, and elements of the campaign. "Turnkey" Idea and Resource (I&R) Kits were devised as vehicles to deliver the program in schools, community youth organizations (CYOs), and markets, complemented by state-level media. A "grants" program helped underwrite television PSAs, print media, and the kits. Research findings received considerable press attention. Pilot testing of the School I&R in nearly 50 classrooms revealed high student, teacher, and foodservice acceptability. ACS volunteers will provide outreach and additional feedback from more school districts statewide. Process measures with supermarkets and CYOs will be collected later in 1994. Children's 5 A Day is a large-scale program suitable for state 5 A Day, comprehensive school, health, and USDA school meal improvement initiatives. Despite clear public health need and widespread popularity, substantial advocacy is needed if such programs are to reach all children.
Rodriguez, Lulu (author / Assistant Professor, Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Iowa State University, Ames, IA)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07843
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Mimeographed, 1994. 8 p. Paper presented at the International Agricultural Communicators in Education Conference, Moscow, ID/Pullman, WA, July 16-20, 1994.
Laughland, Andrew S. (author), Musser, Wesley N. (author), Ortmann, Gerald F. (author), Patrick, George F. (author), Warland, Rex (author), and Pennsylvania State University; Pennsylvania State University; Purdue University; University of Natal, South Africa; Pennsylvania State University
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 98 Document Number: C08044
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, In: The Information Age: what it means for extension and its constituents. Columbia, MO: Cooperative Extension Service, University of Missouri, 1994. (Proceedings of a North Central Region Extension workshop for marketing and management specialists, May 24-26, 1994, St. Louis, MO.) p. 59-76.
Agunga, Robert A. (author / Associate Professor, Department of Agricultural Education, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07836
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Mimeographed, 1994. 15 p. Paper presented at the International Agricultural Communicators in Education Conference, Moscow, ID/Pullman, WA, July 16-20, 1994.
Braun, Kathryn (author), Derrickson, Joda P. (author), and Maeda, Iris (author)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07873
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., Many food stamp recipients either run out of foods stamps before the end of the month or are unable to follow the Food Guide Pyramid to make healthy food choices. Food and nutrition education opportunities for food stamp recipients are often limited to written literature available at food stamp offices. The purpose of this report is to compare the effectiveness of three methods of nutrition education service delivery to food stamp recipients : 1) a series of nine cards sent along with monthly "authorization to purchase" cards, 2) a video and interactive handout shown to all food stamp participants when they are recertified for food stamps, and 3) a series of eight group lessons. Our hypothesis is that participants receiving either the more intensive group lessons or a combination of delivery methods will demonstrate greater improvements in knowledge gains and behavior changes. The goal of each intervention is to help participants eat better for less. Subjects in each intervention, as well as those in a non-intervention control group, were given a pre-test and a post-test. Subjects receiving the cards and the video, as well as the control group, were chosen using stratified random sampling methods. Subjects enrolled in the eight group lessons are self-selected EFNEP clients. We will report gains in knowledge of low-fat alternatives and healthy food choices, changes in eating behaviors and food resources management practices of subjects in all three delivery groups and the non-intervention group. Results of this project can assist nutrition educators nationwide in planning effective food and nutrition education programs for food stamp recipients.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07852
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Paper presented at the International Agricultural Communicators in Education Conference, Moscow, ID/Pullman, WA, July 16-20, 1994.
Harris, Lynn (author), Keim, Kathryn S. (author), Liddil, Audrey (author), and Ruby, Mary Lou (author)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07870
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., Food-borne illnesses caused by improper food handling in the home is a major food safety concern. To determine what consumers know about food safety, and food handling practices, a survey was developed, piloted and mailed to 1,003 randomly selected residences throughout the state of Idaho (return rate = 52%). Food safety knowledge and food safety practice items that were part of the survey included: food preparation (cooking raw eggs), food storage (leaving poultry out for long periods of time), environmental concerns (pesticide residues), and food preservation (canning green beans). Results indicate that younger consumers and those with less education knew less about food safety and safe food handling. Information regarding these results will help nutrition educators target food safety education to populations that are at higher risk for having a food-borne illness because of lack of knowledge and poor food handling practices.
Harris, Lynn (author), Keim, Kathryn S. (author), Liddil, Audrey (author), Ruby, Mary Lou (author), Stimpson, Janice (author), and University of Idaho, Boise Center
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07897
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., To develop a nutrition education program that will result in behavior change, one must know the current food intake behavior and nutrition knowledge base of the consumer. This descriptive study assessed the current nutrition knowledge base of consumers concerning fiber food sources and fiber-health relationships and food intake reflective of fiber sources. A survey was developed, piloted and mailed to 1,003 randomly selected households using a modified Dillman method. The survey included knowledge questions and food frequency and demographic information. A total of 466 usable surveys (52% usable return rate) and analysis of variance, form the basis of the following results. Sixty-six percent of the respondents were female and 34% were male. The majority were over the age of 30 (88%) and 66% had more than a high school education. Consumers with vocational training and come college education (mean +or- SD, 4.1 +or- 1.6) had a significantly higher knowledge score (score range 0-7) concerning food sources of fiber and fiber-health relationships than those who had a high school education (3.9 +or- 1.6) (p < 0.05). There was a trend of more fiber containing foods being consumed as the age of the consumer increased (p=0.057). When looking at food intake by food group, females consumed significantly more fruits and vegetables than males (p<0.05). From this information it should appear that extension nutrition about food sources of fiber and fiber-health relationships should target younger, non-college educated consumers and especially men.
Derby, Brenda M. (author / Food and Drug Administration, Washington, DC)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07907
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., A telephone survey of a national sample of American consumers is being conducted in the spring of 1994 to provide baseline data on food label use and to provide insights into consumer use and understanding of labels. Results will guide education initiatives to help consumers use the new food label to achieve healthier diets. The survey examines overall label use, specific purposes for using the label, and use and understanding of critical label information, including serving size, nutrient claims and health claims. Current label use will be examined in terms of key demographic and dietary management characteristics (e.g., gender, education, health status). Major implications of the findings for food label education will be presented.
Breuning, Thomas H. (author), Carey, Harry A., Jr. (author), and Agricultural and Extension Education, Penn State University, University Park, PA
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07846
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Mimeographed, 1994. 5 p. Paper presented at the International Agricultural Communicators in Education Conference, Moscow, ID/Pullman, WA, July 16-20, 1994.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07845
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Mimeographed, 1994. 4 p. Paper presented at the International Agricultural Communicators in Education Conference, Moscow, ID/Pullman, WA, July 16-20, 1994.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07850
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Mimeographed, 1994. 2 p. Paper presented at the International Agricultural Communicators in Education Conference, Moscow, ID/Pullman, WA, July 16-20, 1994.
Kristal, Alan R. (author), Patterson, Ruth (author), and Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1124 Columbia MP 702, Seattle, WA 98104; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1124 Columbia MP 702, Seattle, WA 98104
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07879
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., This study examined diet-related psychosocial constructs and healthful diet. We analyzed data from a 1989-90 random digit dial survey of cancer-related risk behavior administered to 1,972 Washington State residents. Psychosocial constructs were belief in an association of diet and cancer, knowledge of NCI recommendations and food composition, and perceived pressure (norms) to eat a health diet. Diet measures were self-reported healthful diet changes over the previous 5 years, %energy from fat, and dietary fiber. Age and education were significantly (p<0.001) related to the constructs, with adults aged 35-59 having the strongest beliefs and the most knowledge. Among older adults, 50% of females and 57% of males did not believe diet was related to cancer, 32% and 44% could not recall a single NCI dietary recommendation, 21% had low knowledge of food consumption, and 37% of females and 41% of males felt no pressure to eat a healthful diet. Diet-cancer beliefs and knowledge were significantly (p<0.001) associated with healthful diet changes, lower fat intake, and higher fiber consumption. Individuals with high food composition knowledge consumed 2.3% less energy from fat and 1.1 grams more fiber compared to those with knowledge. Participants who reported they felt strong pressure to eat a healthy diet made 1.8 more healthful diet changes vs. those who felt no pressure, however, there was little association of norms with fat or fiber intake. Population-based studies are important because much of the research on improving diets has been performed in clinical settings, with small, select samples using individual counseling strategies; therefore neither the techniques nor results can be directly applied to community-based nutrition intervention programs. Our research suggests that intervention strategies which target beliefs and knowledge may help people adopt more healthful diets. Research should be done to explore whether interventions need to be specifically focused and tailored to have a positive impact on the diet of older Americans, since this subgroup had lowest levels of belief, knowledge, an norms.
Betts, Nancy M. (author), Glenn, Marty (author), Timmons, Patricia (author), and Department of Nutrition Science and Dietetics, University of Nebraska, Lincoln
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07884
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., As part of a larger project, we mailed 500 surveys to a random sample of 18 to 24 year olds. The purpose was to measure the influence of factors impacting food consumption. The survey included demographic items, a repertory grid of foods and factors influencing their intake, and a modified Block food frequency. The response rate was 39% (n=195) with 73 males and 122 females returning completed questionnaires. Results of a principle components factor analysis using varimax rotation identified three factors for both groups. For the males, Factor I identified advertising of foods eaten out as important. Factor 2 indicated a strong perception of the healthfulness of the food as a negative perception, with "fattening" foods considered not healthful. Factor 3 showed the expense of food as a negative perception. For the females, Factor 1 identified convenience and appearance as perceptions. Factor 2 was similar to the males'. Factor 3 indicated that social aspects of food and eating were important perception. This information can serve as a basis for creating effective nutrition education messages for young adults.
Kendrick, Jim (author / Agricultural Economics, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 98 Document Number: C08042
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, In: The Information Age: what it means for extension and its constituents. Columbia, MO: Cooperative Extension Service, University of Missouri, 1994. (Proceedings of a North Central Region Extension workshop for marketing and management specialists, May 24-26, 1994, St. Louis, MO.) p. 35-53
Haines, Pamela S. (author), Metz, Jill (author), Patterson, Ruth E. (author), and School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07877
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., The objective of this study was to examine the extent to which diet and health-related knowledge and attitudes explain differences in diet quality as measured by the Diet Quality Index (DQI). To date, empirical evidence linking attitude, knowledge and overall diet quality has been unavailable in a representative sample of the US population. The study sample included 880 men and women identified as primary meal planner - preparers who completed three days of dietary intake data as part of the 1989 Continuing Survey of Food Intake by Individuals and who completed the 1989 Diet and Health Knowledge Survey. The DQI is a multidimensional index of diet quality which scales and sums eight Diet and Health recommendations. Knowledge and attitude scales reflect elements of the Health Belief Model--susceptibility, personal importance of following dietary guidelines, diet and health awareness ,and nutrition knowledge. The proportion of the population achieving any one of the eight DQI guidelines ranged from 70% consuming less than 300 mg cholesterol per day to 15% consuming 5 daily servings of fruit and vegetables. 13.3% of diets were classified as good; 44.7% of diets were classified as fair or poor. Heightened diet and disease awareness (p=0.01) and level of nutrition knowledge (p=0.07) were positively and independently associated with better diet quality in mulitvariate analyses controlling for age, gender, income, race, education and selected household and lifestyle characteristics. In contrast, lower importance given to following the Dietary Guidelines (p=0.008) and greater susceptibility [more frequent responses that own diet ought to be lower in calories, fat, saturated fat, dietary cholesterol, and salt] (p=0.01) were associated with poorer overall dietary quality. Other factors associated with dietary quality included higher education, age over 40, being on a special diet, and reporting that nutrition was an important priority while grocery shopping. Factors independently and negatively associated with dietary quality included being under 40 and single, ever smoking at least 100 cigarettes, and being overweight. Gender, race, and income level did not explain additional variation in diet quality when knowledge and attitude variables were included in multivariate models. Results suggest nutrition knowledge and attitudes are independent predictors of the overall quality of diet.
Dennee, Phyllis M. (author), Paul, Lynn C. (author), and Montana State University Extension, Bozeman, MT
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07881
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., A successful statewide nutrition education model has been developed with the mission to endorse and support efforts to improve the ability of Montanans to improve nutritional health. The objectives include: 1) develop an identity and logo for Eat Right Montana, 2) select yearly nutrition education themes, and 3) coordinate and provide resources for yearly themes and education campaigns. Members of the coalition form a broad base of food and nutrition interests, such as Extension Service, Public Health Nutrition, Beef Council, Food Distributors Association, School Food Service, University Dietetic Students, and the State Dietetic Association. The Coalition has been highly successful in identifying and promoting the Coalition and its yearly educational themes among many food and nutrition agencies throughout the state. For example, the first year's theme "Five A Day' has been successfully promoted at the state legislature, in schools, and with Extension audiences. The evaluation of the program indicates that the coalition is a successful model for striving for the Health [People] 2000 objectives.
Fett, John (author / Department of Agricultural Journalism, University of Wisconsin, Madison)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 98 Document Number: C08041
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, In: The Information Age: what it means for extension and its constituents. Columbia, MO: Cooperative Extension Service, University of Missouri, 1994. (Proceedings of a North Central Region Extension workshop for marketing and management specialists, May 24-26, 1994, St. Louis, MO.) p. 23-34.
Benedict, Jamie A. (author), Dodds, Mary (author), Leontos, Carolyn (author), Omaye, Stanley (author), Tyler, Peggy (author), and University of Nevada Cooperative Extension, Department of Nutrition, Reno, NV
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07868
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., Recent survey findings show that consumers' concerns related to food safety are not congruent with actual risk. This may, in part, be attributed to media coverage of these issues. The goal of this Extension program was to improve the ability of consumers to make informed decision related to food safety be enhancing the media's reporting of related issues. A resource manual was developed and distributed to television, newspaper, and radio reporters in three Western states. The manual includes material on ten different food safety topics, sample news stories, a dictionary of terms, suggested readings, and resource directory. Telephone interviews conducted with 60% of the recipients (n=141) 3-6 months following distribution, indicated that 54% had used the manual. Those who had, found the manual timely (95%), and helpful (97%). The information provided on foodborne illness was used most often - corresponding to reporters' ratings of public interest.
Friedman, Sharon M. (author / Department of Journalism and Communication, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA 18015)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 98 Document Number: C08035
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Mimeographed, 1994. 21 p. Paper presented at the Association for Education in Journalism and Mass Communication Convention in Atlanta, GA, August 10-13, 1994., This paper reviews changes in the field of environmental journalism education both in academia and continuing education within the last five years. Based on a mail survey of educators and a telephone survey of selected environmental journalists, it shows that environmental journalism education is a field that is growing and maturing. In academia, there are new courses, new programs and new endowed chairs. In continuing education for professionals, there are many more programs available under major media and foundation sponsorship. Although it is maturing, the education field is still faced with problems such as lack of appropriate texts, mixed backgrounds for students and fiscal constraints. The professional field of environmental journalism faces a number of problems discussed from both the perspective of educators and journalists. The latter information is derived from a telephone survey of selected leading environmental journalists as well as a poll by American Opinion Research of more than 500 journalists. Advice is offered from both educators and environmental journalists for improvements in environmental journalism and needed developments in environmental journalism education. (original)
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07844
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Mimeographed, 1994. 4 p. Paper presented at the International Agricultural Communicators in Education Conference, Moscow, ID/Pullman, WA, July 16-20, 1994.
Powell, Timothy A. (author), Shelton, David P. (author), and University of Nebraska, Northeast Research and Extension Center, Concord, NE
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 98 Document Number: C08056
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, In: The Information Age: what it means for extension and its constituents. Columbia, MO: Cooperative Extension Service, University of Missouri, 1994. (Proceedings of a North Central Region Extension workshop for marketing and management specialists, May 24-26, 1994, St. Louis, MO.) p. 247-249.
Doye, Damona G. (author), Trimble, Richard L. (author), and Extension Farm Management Specialist, University of Kentucky
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 98 Document Number: C08053
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, In: The Information Age: what it means for extension and its constituents. Columbia, MO: Cooperative Extension Service, University of Missouri, 1994. (Proceedings of a North Central Region Extension workshop for marketing and management specialists, May 24-26, 1994, St. Louis, MO.) p. 199-204.
Howard, Wayne H. (author), McEwan, Ken (author), Owen, Lorne (author), and University of Guelph; Ridgetown College of Agriculture; British Columbia Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries, and Food
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 98 Document Number: C08045
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, In: The Information Age: what it means for extension and its constituents. Columbia, MO: Cooperative Extension Service, University of Missouri, 1994. (Proceedings of a North Central Region Extension workshop for marketing and management specialists, May 24-26, 1994, St. Louis, MO.) p. 77-84.
Tucker, Mark (author / Instructor and Coordinator, Agricultural Journalism, University of Missouri, Columbia)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07840
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Mimeographed, 1994. 24 p. Paper presented at the International Agricultural Communicators in Education Conference, Moscow, ID/Pullman, WA, July 16-20, 1994.
Allen, Amy M. (author) and Freimuth, Vicki (author)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07901
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., A content analysis was conducted to evaluate the coverage of the new food labels in the print media during the period of December 1, 1992 to August 30, 1993. Articles were obtained using the Lexis/Nexis newspaper index and six health and general topics magazine databases. A total of 59 newspaper articles, 11 magazine articles and 7 health newsletter articles were identified through the databases. These articles were evaluated by four trained coders using a pretested coding form that addressed 35 aspects of the food label coverage. Twenty percent of articles were double coded with at least 80% coder reliability. Analysis of the data indicates that magazines and health letters covered the topic in more detail than newspapers. Less than 20% of newspapers named and defined the "percent daily value" term, whereas 86% of health newsletters and 64% of magazines provided this information. This is significant because the term is not self explanatory and may be misunderstood by consumers. analysis of individuals quoted in the articles indicates that government and industry officials represented over half of those quoted. In contrast, college and university faculty were quoted in 9% of articles and dietitians were quoted in 10% of articles. Several errors were identified by the coders and are outlined in the study.
Ries, Carol P. (author), Tracy, Melanie D. (author), and Eastern Illinois University
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07898
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., The purpose of this study was to determine the extent of cooking knowledge among adults of various ages. A convenience sample of 280 adults (71% female) completed a 40-item MC basic cooking knowledge test. The test was developed in consultation with two non-professional, experienced family cooks and validated by a panel of foods and nutrition faculty. The KR20 coefficient for reliability was 0.81. ANOVA was used to compare scores of males and females of the four age cohorts (20-35 yrs., 36-50 yrs, 51-65 yrs., and 66+ yrs.) from rural and urban areal. The mean score for the total group was 75% correct indicating a moderate level of basic cooking knowledge. Over two-thirds (68%) of the total sample scored 70% correct or better. Females (78% correct) scored significantly higher than males (68% correct). Participants aged 35-65 yrs. scored higher than did those aged 20-35 yrs. or 66+ yrs. (79 vs. 70 and 72%, p<0.001). Participants who lived in rural areas (pop.<50,000) as children (78% correct) scored higher (p<0.05) than did their urban counterparts (pop > 50,000, 73% correct). Knowledge comparisons made within each age cohort indicated that females scored higher than males, but no significant differences were found between participants with rural or urban backgrounds. Results indicate that while many adults are fairly knowledgeable about basic cooking procedures, a substantial proportion are not; therefore, food preparation education is warranted.
Achterberg, Cheryl (author), McCullum, Christine (author), and Penn State Nutrition Center, Penn State University, University Park, PA
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07906
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., Because of the increase in one-parent households and the percent of households that contain two working parents,the number fo teenagers that are doing the family food shopping is also increasing. Whether adolescents read and/or understand food labels while shopping is not known. The purpose of this study was to explore food shopping and label use behavior among adolescents at point-of-purchase. The study group consisted of ninety high school-aged adolescents (n=41 males; n=49 females) stratified by shopping experience (n=44 shoppers; n=46 nonshoppers). Participants were given a list of 20 generic food items to select in an actual grocery store setting. An open-ended questionnaire was administered after shopping to determine the reasons given for each food item selection and to evaluate the use of nutrition information for these items. Scores were computed for total number of times reasons were given to select foods. Descriptive statistics were used to evaluate the use of shopping strategies and nutrition information. Two tailed t-tests were used for group comparisons. The reasons reported most often for selecting foods were: personal preference/taste, custom/habit, and price/cost. Overall, participants were five times more likely to use front label/nutrition claims than nutrient labels for nutrition information. Fat free/low fat, lite/light, and cholesterol free/low cholesterol were the most commonly used claims. Total fat and calories were the most commonly used constituents on nutrient labels. In terms of reasons given for food item selection, females were significantly more likely than males to use front label/nutrition claims (p<0.001) and nutrient labels (p<0.01); shoppers were significantly more likely than nonshoppers to use nutrient labels (p<0.01). Further research that incorporates adolescents from different backgrounds is needed to understand how young consumers use labels at point-of-purchase. Results should be used to develop nutrition education that teaches food shopping and label reading skills.
Keim, Kathy (author), Stewart, Beth (author), Tinsley, Ann (author), Voichick, Jane (author), and University of Idaho, Boise; University of Wisconsin, Madison
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07885
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., Eating more fruits and vegetables, ideally prepared with little added sugar and/or fat, is recommended by the food guide pyramid. This project surveyed young adults, ages 18 to 24, on their beliefs and behaviors regarding fruits and vegetables. Of the 1369 surveys mailed, 594 were returned (43%). The sample was comprised of 44% (n=262) males, 56% (n=328) females and 94% (n=556) caucasian persons. Only 28% (n=157) of the subjects correctly identified the recommended number of servings for vegetables; a higher percentage of females were correct (33% females, 20% males), as were more educated persons (31% of college educated persons, 22% of persons with a high school education or less). Females were significantly (p<0.0002) more likely than males to raw vegetables as a snack, to consider it more important to eat a variety of foods (p<0.0012), the freshest foods (p<0.0023) and the most nutritious foods (p<0.0000). Females also rated their ability to use food labels as significantly more adequate (p<0.0014) than males, as did college educated persons (p<0.0017). College educated subjects were also significantly more likely to believe eating plenty of fruits and vegetables would reduce intestinal problems (p<0.0238) and risk of cancer (<0.0225). Nearly half (43%, n=243) regularly put butter/margarine on vegetables and used sauces or cheese (46% n=261) on vegetables. Vegetables were rarely eaten at lunch by 74% (n=419), 69% (n=391) rarely snacked on vegetables, and 67% (n=383) rarely ate fruits and vegetables in a healthy diet for young adults, particularly males and those who have no college education.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 98 Document Number: C08050
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, In: The Information Age: what it means for extension and its constituents. Columbia, MO: Cooperative Extension Service, University of Missouri, 1994. (Proceedings of a North Central Region Extension workshop for marketing and management specialists, May 24-26, 1994, St. Louis, MO.) p. 151-181.
Finlay, Karen (author), O'Brien, Carolyn (author), Woolcott, Donna (author), and Division of Applied Human Nutrition, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07902
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., Stages of change theory framed this study of grocery shoppers (n=65 adults, 18-44 yr) which categorized them according to intentions to use nutrition labels in food purchase decisions. A scale and scoring algorithm were developed using Prochaska and Diclemente's framework. Respondents were categorized into four stages of behavior change. Results indicated that the majority of respondents (55%) were in maintenance stage, 25% were in action stage, 6& in contemplation stage and 14% in precontemplation stage. Respondents were also asked to rate the Canadian government Guide to Nutrition Labelling. Differences in the rating of perceived value of the Guide were observed between the action and maintenance stage respondents for the overall usefulness of the Guide in assisting them "to make wise food choices". The action stage respondents rate the Guide 2.80 (on a 9 point scale) on this attribute and the maintenance groups rated it higher (p<.01) at a mean of 6.5. The action group's mean rating of 4.80 for "how easy it was to understand the information" in the Guide differed (p<.05) from the rating of the maintenance group (7.2). Similarly, in response to the question: "how well do you understand the definitions of nutrition terms in this Guide?", the action group rated their understanding fo the definitions (5.0) lower (p<.05) than the maintenance group (7.55) and lower than the precontemplation group (7.2). Although small sample sizes limit interpretation, it appears that different interventions may be needed for people at different stages of change.
Kendall, Patricia (author), Swanson, Marilyn A. (author), and Swanson: Family and Consumer Sciences, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID; Kendall: Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07869
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., Two hundred and twelve Idaho citizens participated in the "Train the Trainer" Safety and Food excellence (S.A.F.E.) educational program during 1993. Idaho's effort was part of an eight state strategy to reduce the risk of illness from foods served to individuals with weakened immune systems. Funding was obtained through the FY92 ES-USDA Food Safety and Quality Initiative. S.A.F.E., a four hour leader training program, is an action-oriented program which teaches professionals, paraprofessionals an volunteers to present education programs aimed at changing specific food handling practices. Individuals who work with the elderly or other high-risk population groups were targeted. The seven Idaho programs were team taught by the Extension Food Safety Specialist, a county Extension Home Economist and an Environmental Health Specialist from the local health district. Participants received three food safety posters, learned appropriate food safety practices and teaching strategies and set personal behavior goals. Mean knowledge scores increased from 89% to 96%. Ninety seven percent of the participants set personal food safety behavior goals. At a three month self-reported evaluation, a majority met their goals "most of the time" and almost all met their goal "some of the time". Over 950 food safety posters have been distributed. Estimates suggests each poster has been seen by an average of 25 individuals. The trained program leaders have utilized food safety educational strategies from the S.A.F.E. workshop and reached between 4 and 282 others.
Musser, Wesley N. (author), Ortmann, Gerald F. (author), Patrick, George F. (author), and Purdue University; Pennsylvania State University; University of Natal, South Africa
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 98 Document Number: C08047
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, In: The Information Age: what it means for extension and its constituents. Columbia, MO: Cooperative Extension Service, University of Missouri, 1994. (Proceedings of a North Central Region Extension workshop for marketing and management specialists, May 24-26, 1994, St. Louis, MO.) p. 91-105.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07882
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., The purpose of the project is to strengthen the capability of a local government to be responsive to the nutrition needs of the community and, on the other hand, to heighten awareness and capability of the community to demand such services. There is a need for this kind of intervention in order to balance the weakness of the bureaucracy with the flexibility and self-interest of a community-based organization, on one hand; and the wavering sustainability of the community organization with the institutional mandate of the local government, on the other. The unique characteristic of this project is the partnership between the local government and the community which is hoped to develop responsiveness and self-reliance respectively. Target groups include community's formal and informal leaders who will be given a training and hands-on exercise on nutrition program management. The use of inter-active learning approach and development communication in nutrition education is a replication of a theorized experience. Success indicator is the realization of the objectives of the project jointly planned and implemented by the community-based organization and the local government.
Amos, R. (author), Bauer, G. (author), Pittman, M.I. (author), Ward, B.W. (author), and Ohio State University Extension - Ashland, Huron, and Richland counties
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 98 Document Number: C08052
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, In: The Information Age: what it means for extension and its constituents. Columbia, MO: Cooperative Extension Service, University of Missouri, 1994. (Proceedings of a North Central Region Extension workshop for marketing and management specialists, May 24-26, 1994, St. Louis, MO.) p. 187-197.
Brunt, Ardith (author), Schafer, Elisabeth (author), and Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iowa State University
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07899
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., Most nutrition information is written above the 10th grade level. Because the reading level of at least 50% of the U.S. population is at the 6th grade level and below, a brochure was developed to help these individuals understand and use the Nutrition Facts food label. This single topic brochure was designed for distribution anywhere general nutritional materials are available, especially the grocery store. The tri-fold pamphlet introduces the Nutrition Facts label to individuals with reading skills at the 6th grade level with emphasis on the relationship between serving size and fat. This brochure received formative evaluation from a pilot test group of low literacy clients. The brochure was then redesigned following their suggestions. The final brochure is tri-fold, with color photographs and 6.1 FOG reading level. Summative evaluation of client skill development is in progress. A second brochure is now under development to help clients understand the % daily value on food labels.
Miller, M. Mark (author) and Riechert, Bonnie P. (author)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07848
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection; also presented at the Media and the Environment Conference, Reno, NV, April 7-9, 1994, Mimeographed, 1994. 28 p. Paper presented at the International Agricultural Communicators in Education Conference, Moscow, ID/Pullman, WA, July 16-20, 1994.
Manahan, Laurie (author / Yummy Designs, Walla Walla, WA )
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07891
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., Games are frequently used to teach a variety of subjects in schools and adult training programs. Games enhance learning by holding attention, encouraging interaction and discussion, and adding variety, creativity, and enjoyment. A game format seemed to offer potential for teaching the USDA's new Food Guide Pyramid. My objective was to develop an educational and entertaining Food Pyramid Game. After researching educational games, I developed "Food Pyramid Lotto", with 4-colored Pyramid Playing Boards and 100 colored Food Cards. Players use the Food Cards to build balanced menus on their pyramid boards. To test out the game, 100 games were produced and distributed to nutritionists and teachers in a variety of programs. Feedback was extremely positive, and indicated that: 1) the game was effective in teaching the Food Guide Pyramid; 2) the game was appropriate for school children, as well as for teens, WIC, NET, home ec, extension, food service training and adult health promotion. After revisions, the game was reprinted and is now being marketed to nutrition educators and teachers nationwide. My conclusion is that a game can be a very effective and enjoyable approach to teaching the Food Guide Pyramid.
Anliker, Jean Ann (author), Damron, Dorothy (author), Feldman, Robert (author), Freimuth, Vicki (author), Havas, Stephen (author), Langenberg, Patricia (author), Lasswell, Anita (author), Mettger, Wendy (author), Trieman, Katherine (author), and Extension Home Economics, University of Maryland, College Park; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, University of Maryland, Baltimore; Department of Health Education, University of Maryland, College Park; Department of Health Education, University of Maryland, College Park; Department of Health Education, University of Maryland, College Park; Department of Health Education, University of Maryland, College Park
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07886
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., The Maryland 5 A Day WIC Promotion is a multi-faceted interagency project, funded by the National Cancer Institute, to increase the fruit and vegetable consumption of WIC participants. Focus groups and intercept surveys were conducted of 207 WIC women to identify key messages, motivators and strategies for behavior change. Based on the results of this research, three types of interventions are being developed: 1) educational sessions, including both professional counseling and peer facilitation; 2) specially-designed materials such as a photonovella/decision guide, trigger video, and direct mail; and 3) community-based activities including an enhanced farmers' market project. The interventions will be pilot tested, then studied in a randomized crossover design of 16 WIC sites. Evaluations will include assessments for nutrition knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors; self-efficacy, behavioral intent, and stages of change. This presentation will focus on the formative research with WIC participants and the use of this research in the development of 5 A Day educational materials and interventions.
Harris, Pam (author), Kappel, Tana (author), Paul, Lynn C. (author), and Montana State University
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07896
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., The purpose of the Media Savvy skill training session was to enhance the abilities and confidence of health and education professional in responding to the myriad of important health issues. The intent of the training was to assist professionals to realize the tremendous potential of the media for helping us achieve our goals and getting our messages out. The workshop provided a positive participatory learning environment to improve skills in various media opportunities such as TV, radio, and print. From preparing news releases to being interviewed on TV or radio, all were presented by media professionals and practiced by all the participants. The evaluations of Media Savvy were excellent and highlighted the experiential, participatory opportunities as the greatest benefit in enhancing media skills and confidence in their media abilities. A 3-month evaluation indicated that many participants were successful in increasing their media exposure.
Coplin, Sharron (author), Medeiros, Lydia C. (author), Saddam, Alma M. (author), and Ohio State University. Columbus, OH
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07874
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., The adult population with reading levels below the fourth grade was identified through a Home Economics program needs assessment. Food and Nutrition specialists and professional staff developed a series of low literacy fact sheets covering nutrition, food safety, recipe preparation and food buying. Reading level of the fact sheets varies from third to sixth grade. The items were reviewed by the local literacy council and pilot tested with Adult Basic Education classes and at congregate meal sites. Camera-ready copies have been provided to County Extension Home Economists for use in a variety of programs. Ohio agents have reported collaborating with more than 30 agencies and organizations to distribute these materials. Additional fact sheets are being prepared for inclusion in the series.
Carlson, John E. (author), Fox, Linda Kirk (author), Hendricks, Pat (author), and University of Idaho; Iowa State University; University of Idaho
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07838
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Mimeographed, 1994. 21 p. Paper presented at the International Agricultural Communicators in Education Conference, Moscow, ID/Pullman, WA, July 16-20, 1994.
