AGE 85925422, Data from 358 households in 12 sites representative of climatic, geographical, and agricultural variations in the eastern communal areas of Botswana show that differences in the agricultural practices and extension contact of male- and female-headed households largely disappear when economic stratum is controlled. Female-headed households are shown not to be a homogeneous group. There appear to be greater similarities between farmers within the same economic stratum regardless of gender than between farmers of the same gender in different strata.
Beus, Curtis E. (author), Dunlap, Riley E. (author), and Department of Rural Sociology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX; Departments of Rural Sociology and Sociology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA: Rural Sociological Society, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 100 Document Number: C08402
search through journal, Despite the fact that groups of alternative and conventional agriculturalist do not differ in their overall scores on an agrarianism scale, their response do differ significantly on several of the agrarianism items and on the items related to agrarianism from a scale designed to assess competing agricultural paradigms. This suggests that there are differences in these groups' agrarian ideologies even though their overall scores on the agrarianism scale are nearly identical. Although divergent agricultural groups support agrarian ideals such as family farms and the farm way of life, the way in which these groups conceptualize and would achieve these ideals appear to be different... (original)
35pgs, The idea that citizens' support for environmental policies depends on their economic interest and the community that one lives in, has been debated extensively in the environmental attitudes literature. However, this literature has not differentiated between separate policy dimensions that concern measures that affect specific groups in different ways. This paper differentiates between a nature/agriculture dimension that divides those who prioritize the agrarian interest from those who prioritize the protection of nature and a climate/energy dimension that divides those who prioritize industrial interest from those who prioritize fighting climate change, using a new survey in the Netherlands (N = 11,327). This two-dimensional model meets three criteria: scalability, validity, and utility. Scalability is shown by factor analysis and Mokken scaling. Validity is shown by regression analyses that show that whether one lives in a rural or an urban community predicts one's position on the nature/agriculture dimension and that one's financial security predicts one's position on the climate/energy dimension. The utility is shown by regression analyses where the two dimensions are used to predict voting behavior. The Green Party voters favor nature and climate protection, the Liberal Party voters have the opposite views, the Christian-Democrats favor agricultural interests and the Freedom Party favor industrial interests.
AGE 84925163, The study evaluates 145 health care programs that were implemented in the 1970s to serve nonmetropolitan populations in the United States. The evaluation employs multiple indicator unobserved variable models to disaggregate the effects of the socio-environmental milieu; i.e., education, income, racial composition, poverty, housing conditions, crowding, occupation structure, and rural health care programs on physician availability and two health status indicators--neonatal mortality and post-neonatal mortality. The results show that rural health care programs did not increase the availability of physicians in the targeted areas. However, implementation of the programs contributed significantly to lowering the neonatal mortality rate.
Copp, James H. (author), Rust, I.W. (author), and Dept. Sociology and Rural Sociology, University of Kentucky; Dept. Sociology and Rural Sociology, University of Kentucky
Format:
Journal / Research summary
Publication Date:
1962
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 4 Document Number: B00422
Parents shape children's social choices through their social and economic actions. Parental social participation connects children to a civic culture and encourages involvement in civic groups. Parents' ties to farming in farm-dependent communities furuther enhance children's civic orientations by providing added opportunities and incentives for social participation. Data from Iowa Youth and Families Project confirm these hypotheses, showing that the children of farmers and of rural leaders are more likely to participate in civic groups. These results establish parental social involvement as a source of social capital and demonstrate the importance of farm incluences for understanding the social involvement of youth in rural society.
Straus, Murray A. (author / Associate Professor of Family Relationships, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY) and Associate Professor of Family Relationships, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1960-06
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 38 Document Number: B04250
Perry, J.B. (author), Snyder, E.E. (author), and Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, Dept. of Sociology; Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, Ohio, Dept. of Sociology
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1970
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 4 Document Number: B00386
Sawhney, M. Mohan (author / Department of Sociology and Anthropology, North Carolina State University at Raleigh) and Department of Sociology and Anthropology, North Carolina State University at Raleigh
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1967
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05153
Finley, J.R. (author / Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Ohio State University, Columbus) and Dept. of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Ohio State University, Columbus
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1968
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 4 Document Number: B00398
Reif, Linda Lobao (author / Ohio State University, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology) and Ohio State University, Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1987
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 68 Document Number: C02791
Godwin, Deborah D. (author), Marlowe, Julia (author), and Department of Housing and Consumer Economics and Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Georgia, Athens, GA; Department of Housing and Consumer Economics and Agricultural Experiment Station, University of Georgia, Athens, GA
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1990
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 85 Document Number: C05437
Buttel, Frederick H. (author), Gillespie, Gilbert W., Jr. (author), and Department of Rural Sociology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY; Department of Rural Sociology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1989
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 76 Document Number: C04070
Goreham, Gary A. (author), Leistritz, F. Larry (author), Rathge, Richard W. (author), and Departments of Sociology and Agricultural Economics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND; Departments of Sociology and Agricultural Economics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND; Departments of Sociology and Agricultural Economics, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1988
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 83 Document Number: C05135
AGRICOLA IND 89001627, We compared the socioeconomic characteristics of a generalizable sample of displaced farm households in North Dakota with a random sample of producers who were currently operating their farming enterprises. We hypothesized that the displaced farmers would differ significantly from their currently operating counterparts in (1) the structural conditions of their operations and (2) their personal characteristics. Our hypotheses were guided by the changing structure of the agriculture literature and the adoption-diffusion literature. We obtained our data from lists of farmers who were displaced between 1981 and 1985 for financial reasons (N = 169) and from a panel of active farmers (N = 759) initially surveyed in 1985. We found that farmers displaced between 1981 and 1985 did not operate enterprises significantly different from those currently in business. Our analysis of the personal characteristics of operators revealed statistically significant differences, but these differences had limited explanatory power. We concluded that researchers should shift their attention to macrolevel variables to characterize displaced farmers.
Fliegel, F.C. (author), Kivlin, J.E. (author), and Dept. of Agricultureal Economics and Rural Sociology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park; Dept. of Agricultureal Economics and Rural Sociology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1966
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 4 Document Number: B00390
37pgs, With agriculture considered key to generating jobs for Africa's growing population, several studies have explored youth aspirations toward farming. While many factors explaining aspirations have been well studied, little is known about the actors' shaping aspirations. We developed a novel framework that focuses on the factors and actors shaping the formation and actual aspirations of rural youth and applied a unique “whole-family” approach based on mixed-methods data collection from adolescents (boys and girls) and corresponding adults. We applied this approach in rural Zambia, collecting data from 348 adolescents and adults in 87 households. The study finds that parents strongly shape youth aspirations—they are much more influential than siblings, peers, church, and media. Male youth are more likely to envision farming (full or part-time) than female youth. The male preference for farming reflects their parent's aspirations and is reinforced by the patriarchal system of land inheritance. Parents' farm characteristics, such as degree of mechanization, are also associated with aspirations. We recommend a “whole- family” approach, which acknowledges the influential role of parents, for policies and programs for rural youth and a stronger focus on gender aspects.
We argue that attempts to superimpose park regulatory regimes on existing land uses in the tropics represent conflicts between alternative cultural models of natural resource management. The results of such conflcits are unique regulatory regimes emerging from distinctive processes that redefine the terms and limits of natural resource use. In creating scarcity of available resource, parks encourage social diffrentiation and greater awareness of societal patterns of inequality, establishing a potential for the articulation of demands for social and environmental equity. We evaluate these claims with a case study of the Cerro Azul Meambar National Park in Honduras. We base our analysis on 54 in-depth interviews of Park residents and five Park communities.
21 pages, This paper examines (1) the role of professional journals in research and (2) the perceived criteria for journal publication in the sciences utilizing national surveys of agricultural journal editors and agricultural scientists in thirteen disciplines. Results indicate that agricultural scientists view professional journals as the most important published resource in their research, the major outlet for their findings, and a key criterion in their choice of research problems. In addition, both journal editors and scientists generally agree that scientists' submitted articles are primarily judged against the normative criteria of scientific craftsmanship rather than by particularistic standards. The most important criterion for journal publication as seen by both editors and scientists is the value of the author's findings to the field. However, unlike other scientists, agricultural scientists appear to associate this universalistic criterion of value to the field with (1) the potential contribution of the article to increased agricultural productivity and (2) the value of the article's findings to clientele groups. Furthermore, these two criteria of productivity and clientele needs that stress the practical value of the research are more important for publishing decisions among journals reporting applied emphases and to scientists in applied disciplines.
AGRICOLA IND 89035615, We explore the relationship between adoption of farm technology and labor availability in Africa. We use a case study of the introduction of a high-yielding variety of maize in an area of Zambia to examine the different aspects of the relationship between adoption and labor availability/mobilization. The research is based on an intensive 15-month study of 23 maize farmers, survey data from 240 of their farm workers, and data collected from an ongoing integrated rural development project. The data illustrate that the shift to hybrid maize requires additional labor. farmers' inability to mobilize additional labor results in partial adoption and various compromises in the performance of recommended practices. The labor survey reveals that despite farmers' preferences for hiring older workers and female labor, children are extensively employed because of their availability. We conclude by illustrating the need for adoption research that takes the broader farming environment into account.
Wilknson, K.P. (author / Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Pennsylvania State University) and Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Pennsylvania State University
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1986
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 58 Document Number: C01691
Havens, A.E. (author / Dept. of Rural Sociology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin) and Dept. of Rural Sociology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1965
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 4 Document Number: B00400
INTERPAKS, Explores a frequently neglected aspect of adoption, namely how family characteristics influence utilization decision. The authors question the typical view of farmers as "individualistic actors", and direct research toward kinship arrangements, extended family networks, and group reinforcement for adoption decisions. The research centers on adoption of soil conservation practices in the Palouse are of Washington and Idaho. The findings demonstrate a definite link between kinship arrangements and adoption behavior: 1) farming with other relatives introduces additional information and opportunities for innovation; 2) two generations farming together tend to be more sensitive to future implications of production technologies. The research is limited to one area and one type of innovation, but it does raise the important issue of how the social organization of production affects adoption decisions.
"The argument advanced here is that actor-network theory is useful in analyzing conservation agriculture as a radically different agriculture: a new paradigm with new beliefs about soils, plants, and environment, and farmers themselves as well as new crop production systems."
Farnsworth, R.L. (author / University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign), Salamon, S. (author / University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign), and Rendziak, J.A. (author / USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, Champaign, IL 61820)
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1998-06
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 106 Document Number: C09268
McIntosh, W.A. (author), Zey-Ferrell, M. (author), and Texas A&M University, Department of Rural Sociology; Texas A&M University, Department of Rural Sociology
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1986
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 63 Document Number: C02201
Fliegel, Frederick C. (author / Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA) and Department of Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1966-03
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 38 Document Number: B04253
Green, G.P. (author / University of Wisconsin-Madison), Marcouiller, D. (author / University of Wisconsin-Madison), Deller, S. (author / University of Wisconsin-Madison), Erkkila, D. (author / University of Minnesota), and Sumathi, N.R. (author / University of Wisconsin-Madison)
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1996
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 104 Document Number: C09012
Cordray, Sheila M. (author), Gale, Richard (author), and Department of Sociology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR; Department of Sociology, Oregon State University, Corvallis. OR
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 100 Document Number: C08415
searched through journal, The concept of sustainability is central to many current natural resource debates. While the concept has substantial appeal, consensus on its meaning is lacking, especially concerning what combinations of resources or practices should be sustained. The many meanings of sustainability are addressed by first presenting four defining questions: what is sustained, why sustain it, how is sustainability measured, and what are the politics? These questions are used to identify what we see as nine distinct types of sustinability, each reflecting a different vision of which resources should be sustained. Illustrations are drawn from three major renewable natural resource areas -agriculture, forestry, and marine fisheries. (original)
Audirac, Ivonne (author), Beaulieu, Lionel J. (author), and Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL; Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1986
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 71 Document Number: C03160
34 pages, A growing body of research lends support to opportunity theory and its variants, but has yet to focus systematically on a number of specific offenses and contexts. Typically, the more crimes and contexts to which a theory applies, the broader its scope and range, respectively, and thus generalizability. In this paper, we focus on agricultural crime victimization— including theft of farm equipment, crops, livestock, and chemicals—an offense that opportunity theory appears well-situated to explain. Specifically, we examine whether key dimensions of the theory are empirically associated with the likelihood of victimization and also examine factors associated with farmers’ use of guardianship measures. In contrast to much previous research, we combine multiple individual-level measures of these dimensions. We conclude that the theory partially accounts for variation in agricultural crime victimization, depending on the type of crime, and that greater work is needed investigating how key dimensions of opportunity theory should be conceptualized and operationalized in rural contexts. The study’s implications for theory and practice are discussed.
Fliegel, F.C. (author), Kivlin, J.E. (author), and Dept. of Sociology, Bowling Green State University, Ohio; Dept. of Sociology, Bowling Green State University, Ohio
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1968
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 4 Document Number: B00394
Luloff, A.E. (author), Wilkinson, K.P. (author), and Institute of Natural and Environmental Resources, University of New Hampshire; Institute of Natural and Environmental Resources, University of New Hampshire
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1979
Published:
USA: Rural Sociological Society
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 14 Document Number: B01791
Salazar X, J.M. (author), Seligson, M.A. (author), and University of Arizona, Department of Political Science; Unidad de Opinion Publica, Officina de Informacion
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1979
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 29 Document Number: B02923
James F. Evans Collection, The effects of the economy on political attitudes is a long-standing sociological issue that is receiving renewed attention in the face of recent U.S. economic downturns. While the impacts of the farm crisis on financial and household well-being of farm operators have been addressed by a number of studies, few have explored its political outcomes. Four perspectives that consider how economic forces translate into political beliefs are outlined, two reflecting objective economic position (class location and financial pressure) and two indicating subjective appraisals (feelings of economic uncertainty and subjective deprivation). Data from a sample of Ohio farm operators for 1987 are used to analyze how the perspectives are related to progressive beliefs about farming, the domestic nonfarm economy, and third-world food production. Indicators of objective economic position and subjective appraisals have relatively limited impact on farmers' political attitudes. Of these indicators, subjective appraisals were more closely related to attitudes. In addition, operators' stances on farm political issues also affect their views on domestic nonfarm and third-world policy agendas. Implications were found for studies of farmers' political attitudes as well as for broader sociological theory regarding the development of progressive attitudes during periods of economic decline. (original)
Azadi, Hosein (author), Freeman, David M. (author), Lowdermilk, Max K. (author), and Department of Sociology, Colorado State University; Department of Sociology, Colorado State University
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1982
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 73 Document Number: C03497
James F. Evans Collection, The Ajzen-Fishbein (1980) model to predict intent to perform behavior was used to assess the intent to consume beef among a stratified random sample of 400 Texas women. It was found that attitudes toward consuming beef do not predict directly intent to consume beef, but the subjective norm does. Specifically, the respondent's husband and friends strongly affect her intention to consume less beef. Thus, knowing the subjective norm permits prediction of her intentions because such intentions are not under attitudinal control. These findings call for an intensification of research efforts on food consumption on social influences such as referent others. (original)
Chattopadhyay, S. N. (author), Pareek, Udai (author), and Small Industry Extension Training Institute, Hyderabad, India; Small Industry Extension Training Institute, Hyderabad, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1967
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05154
Hrabovszky, J.P. (author), Moulik, T.K. (author), Rao, C.S.S. (author), and Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi; Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi; Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1966
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 4 Document Number: B00388
Czaja, Ronald (author), Hoban, Thomas (author), Woodrum, Eric (author), and Department of Sociology and Anthropology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1992
Published:
USA: Rural Sociological Society
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 91 Document Number: C06663
biotechnology, James F. Evans Collection, The extent and sources of public opposition to the use of genetic engineering in agricultural production are examined through data from telephone interviews with 220 farmers and 332 nonfarmers living in eight North Carolina counties. A model suggesting that public opposition to genetic engineering is influenced by demographic characteristics mediated by three intervening variables (awareness of genetic engineering, faith in government and industry, and moral objection to genetic engineering) is analyzed. Moral objection is the strongest predictor of opposition. Opposition is also related to lower awareness and less faith in institutions. Women are more likely to oppose genetic engineering than men. Implications of findings are noted. (original)
James F. Evans Collection, Consumer concerns over pesticide residues and food additives have been growing in industrialized societies, including the United States and Japan. However, little comparative research has been carried out to determine which household characteristics may be significantly associated with these heightened concerns, and whether or not the same factors are useful for understanding variation in these worries in more than one society. This paper examines food safety attitudes in Seattle, Washington, and Kobe, Japan, and discovers that while the absolute level of expressed concern is higher in Kobe, the predictive power of household characteristics in explaining attitudinal differences within countries is similar. Implications for rural areas and future research on family structures in capitalists societies are discussed. (original)
Ashby, Jacqueline A. (author), Coward, E. Walter, Jr. (author), and Department of Rural Sociology, Cornell University; Department of Rural Sociology, Cornell University
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1980
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 75 Document Number: C03882
Johnson, C.Y (author / USDA Forest Service and University of Georgia), Horan, P.M. (author / University of Georgia), and Pepper , W. (author / USDA Forest Service, Athens, Georgia)
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1997
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 104 Document Number: C09009
Flora, Cornelia Butler (author / Department of Sociology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA) and Department of Sociology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1992
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 90 Document Number: C06478
