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    32. Bridging the farmer, consumer gap

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Contributers:
    Forrest, Chris (author)
    Format:
    Journal article
    Publication Date:
    2017-January/February
    Published:
    USA: Henderson Communications L.L.C., Adel, Iowa.
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: D08124
    Journal Title:
    Agri Marketing
    Journal Title Details:
    55(1) : 34
    Notes:
    Features a film, License to Farm," honored by the Canadian Agri Marketing Association

    33. Building a culture of creativity in your produce departments

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Contributers:
    Nickle, Ashley (author)
    Format:
    Journal article
    Publication Date:
    2020-04-15
    Published:
    USA
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 202 Document Number: D11976
    Journal Title:
    Produce Market Guide
    Notes:
    Online from publication. 9 pages., Advice from a fresh produce marketer with more than 30 years of experience in a supermarket chain. "The environment you want is one of being a merchant. ... It is somewhat of a lost art in today's fast paced world of data, low price and lack of labor."

    35. Can Mobile Phones build social trust? Insights from rural Kenya

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Contributers:
    Parlasca, Martin C. (author), Hermann, Daniel (author), and Mußhoff, Oliver (author)
    Format:
    Journal Article
    Publication Date:
    2020-10-01
    Published:
    International: Elsevier
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 201 Document Number: D11862
    Journal Title:
    Journal of Rural Studies
    Journal Title Details:
    79
    Notes:
    15 pages, Generalized trust, which refers to trust towards people that are not well known (Yamagishi and Yamagishi, 1994; Stolle, 2002; Uslaner, 2002; Freitag and Traunmüller, 2009), is needed for many situations of economic interaction such as daily market activities. Considering that trust acts as a lubricant for social interaction, a lack of generalized trust can severely restrict a persons reach of efficient economic exchange. Increases of generalized trust within a society thus have the potential to create large efficiency gains (Fafchamps and Minten, 2002; Fafchamps, 2006). Given the importance of trust for social interaction and various welfare dimensions, a growing body of economic, sociological, and psychological research has been devoted to examining the circumstances under which trust can thrive. A reoccurring notion in all three disciplines is that communication represents a key factor in the formation of trust (Lewicki et al., 2006; Glanville and Paxton, 2007). Ostrom et al. (1992), for example, find that communication and sanctioning in a common pool resource experiment lead to substantially more efficient outcomes. In a laboratory setting, personal communication has shown to enhance trust (Buchan et al., 2006), and is even more powerful in creating mutually benefitting exchanges than the possibility to engage in non-binding contracts (Ben-Ner and Putterman, 2009). In this paper, we analyze whether mobile phones which constitute a fundamental component of modern information and communications technologies (ICT) can help build social trust among pastoral communities in Northern Kenya.1 In most African countries, trust levels are remarkably low; out of all regions in the world, people living in sub-Sahara Africa exhibit the lowest levels of generalized trust (Mattes and Moreno, 2018). In the study region of Northern Kenya, it is particularly relevant to increase trust for several reasons. First, the relatively weak legal system jeopardizes contract enforcement, which means that any economic interaction requires substantial amounts of trust between the contract partners. This has caused a strong reliance on trust-based relationships in Northern Kenyas livestock sector (Mahmoud, 2008; Pavanello, 2010; Roba et al., 2018). Furthermore, low trust levels between ethnic tribes have also reinforced longstanding intertribal conflicts in the region, and impede solutions to share resources peacefully and effectively (Schilling et al., 2012). Lastly, the low population density and long physical distances between settlements in the region make communication over long distances difficult and therefore induce high monitoring costs. Potential benefits of enhancing trust are therefore particularly high in the context of Northern Kenya. To compensate for physical remoteness, rural communities have a high need for digital connectivity but have oftentimes suffered from poor connection and inclusion in existing networks in the past (Salemink et al., 2017). Over the last decade, however, mobile phones have become available to most pastoralists in Northern Kenya (Butt, 2015; Asaka and Smucker, 2016; Parlasca et al., 2020). A large and growing body of research has pointed out that mobile phones can help increase several paramount welfare dimensions of rural populations in sub-Saharan Africa, such as income and income equality, financial development, gender equality, or institutional quality (Aker and Mbiti, 2010; Asongu, 2015; Asongu and Nwachukwu, 2016; Rotondi et al., 2020). However, the research on the implications of mobile phones on social capital formation is much less extensive. To the best of our knowledge, the potential of mobile phones to affect trust is so far solely based on qualitative or anecdotal evidence (Molony, 2006, 2009; Overå, 2006) and lacks quantitative assessments. This paper aims to close this gap. In this study, we elicit trust levels with an incentivized experiment, namely the canonical trust game by Berg et al. (1995). Experimental sessions were conducted from July 2018 to August 2018 in 17 different villages in Turkana County, Northern Kenya, and included a total of 402 respondents. We differentiate with regard to the object of trust by measuring trust towards fellow villagers, trust towards people from a neighboring village, and trust towards city dwellers from the county capital. Past research in rural sub-Saharan Africa indicates that smallholder farmers exhibit less trust towards people from different villages (Etang, 2010; Etang et al., 2011) or people from the next larger city (Parlasca et al., 2019). The differentiation of the object of trust therefore allows investigating heterogeneous effects of mobile phone use on trust depending on the physical distance between trustor and trustee. This research adds add to the existing literature in several ways: to the extent of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the direct link between mobile phone use and trust using quantitative household data from a low-income country. Thus far, no study has analyzed the role of geographical distance in the relationship between mobile phone use and trust. Lastly, this analysis contributes to the extremely sparse literature on trust in the context of pastoralist communities in sub-Saharan Africa. The remainder of the study is organized as follows. Section 2 lays out the conceptual framework that guides the analysis. The data are explained in section 3 and the empirical framework is presented in section 4. The results are discussed section 5, followed by concluding remarks in section 6.

    37. Climate change conversation to shift dramatically, research shows

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Format:
    Research summary
    Publication Date:
    2019-12-19
    Published:
    USA: Center for Food Integrity, Gladstone, Missouri.
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 123 Document Number: D11183
    Notes:
    Via online release. 1 page., Findings of a digital ethnography report indicate that while the climate change debate is expected to grow 3.6 percent in the next two years, the conversation on causes is expected to grow 260 percent and solutions 202 percent.

    40. Communicating to and engaging with the public in regulatory science

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Contributers:
    Smith, Anthony (author), Parrino, Lucia (author), Vrbos, Domagoj (author), Nicolini, Giulia (author), Bucchi, Massimiano (author), Carr, Melanie (author), Chen, Junshi (author), Dendler, Leonie (author), Krishnaswamy, Kannan (author), Lecchini, Davide (author), Löfstedt, Ragnar (author), Patel, Michelle (author), Reisch, Lucia (author), Verloo, Didier (author), Vos, Ellen (author), Zollo, Fabiana (author), and Gallani, Barbara (author)
    Format:
    Online journal article
    Publication Date:
    2019
    Published:
    Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 78 Document Number: D10820
    Journal Title:
    EFSA Journal
    Journal Title Details:
    17(S1)
    Notes:
    15 pages., via online journal., This paper presents selected highlights from the ‘Engaging with society’ session of EFSA's third Scientific Conference ‘Science, Food and Society’ (Parma, Italy, 18–21 September 2018). The social dimension for scientific advisory bodies largely concerns science communication and public engagement. The political, economic and technological transformation of contemporary societies is challenging conventional structures and approaches in these areas. The disintermediation of communication and the proliferation of misinformation, it is argued, herald the onset of the post‐truth society. A better understanding of the way individuals consume information today has led to the development of tools to guide mediators such as journalists and communication specialists in countering these trends. Public engagement can reinforce confidence in regulatory bodies and potentially contribute to the quality of the scientific process. Scientific advisory bodies in Europe have created strategies and mechanisms to engage the public that are designed to increase transparency and representativeness. To be effective, several engagement mechanisms are needed, although factors such as resource constraints, institutional culture and public/stakeholder attitudes may limit their development. In conclusion, a more vigorous role for social research is needed to place scientific risk assessment within broader socio‐economic and political contexts. Social science expertise can help to define more impactful public information strategies and to explore the potential opportunities that engaged stakeholders and citizens can make to sustain and strengthen regulatory science.