Malik, Abinta (author) and Kalleder, Sandra (author)
Format:
Book chapter
Publication Date:
1996
Published:
Pakistan
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: D00557
Notes:
Pages 21-43 in Marilyn Carr, Martha Chen and Renana Jhabvala (eds.) Speaking out: women's economic empowerment in South Asia. Intermediate Technology Publications, London, UK. On behalf of Aga Khan Foundation Canada and United Nations Development Fund for Women. 238 pages.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C29865
Notes:
Pages 163-168 in Ian Scoones and John Thompson (eds.), Farmer First revisited: innovation for agricultural research and development. Practical Action Publishing, Warwickshire, U.K. 357 pages.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C17254
Notes:
Pages 151-158 in Carine Alders, Bertus Haverkort and Laurens van Veldhuizen (eds.), Linking with farmers: networking for low-external-input and sustainable agriculture. Intermediate Technology Publications, London, UK. 298 pages.
24 pages., Motivation
Women’s empowerment has been an integral part of the discussion on normative coherence for development, but its implementation is not very effective in Myanmar. Gender must be kept at the forefront of policy analysis in order to avoid unintended consequences for women.
Purpose
The article argues that the Government of Myanmar lacks initiatives on women’s economic empowerment, but that social enterprises could prove to be a more appropriate way to implement international norms in gender equality.
Methods and approach
This case study uses descriptive research to verify how social entrepreneurship can contribute to women's empowerment by increasing women’s participation in the labour market. The empirical part of this study is based on field research undertaken in February 2019.
Findings
In Myanmar, there is still a gap between normative policies and social practices. Women’s legal and actual equality cannot be realized by law and philosophy alone, but also depends on a shift in political, economic, and social actions to ensure that women can participate in the public sphere on an equal basis as men, and enjoy equal economic opportunities. The article explores the role that social enterprises are already playing as an example of how international development norms are implemented at the local level.
Policy implications
The article highlights the appropriateness of social enterprises as catalysts of gender equality and as agents of normative gender coherence for development. Social enterprises take an inclusive and sustainable approach to addressing issues, making women’s livelihoods central.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: D02288
Notes:
Pages 320-340 in Brian Ilbery, Quentin Chiotti and Timothy Rickard (eds.) Agricultural restructuring and sustainability: a geographical perspective. CAB International, Oxon, UK. 348 pages.
Hocde, Henri (author), Faure, Guy (author), Oliveros, Oliver (author), and Triomphe, Bernard (author)
Format:
Book chapter
Publication Date:
2009
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C29863
Notes:
Pages 158-161 in Ian Scoones and John Thompson (eds.), Farmer First revisited: innovation for agricultural research and development. Practical Action Publishing, Warwickshire, U.K. 357 pages.
