African Consciences is a Parisian based initiative of artistes from the `Black Atlantic' and Africa. They use music to shape a discourse on their identity in relation to Africa, strongly bound to consciousness. The musical itinerary provided by reggae and hip hop constitutes what they see as a means for action to bring alive a "global African network". In this chapter I will reconsider the practice of repatriation, and the meanings it conveys now. I will try to analyse it through African Consciences' "Door of no Return" where they intend to travel back the road of the trans Atlantic trade in Africans. African Consciences has a mediated relation to Africa through roads that join their musical practice to their understanding of African history and tradition. It also carries an ideological intent to bring forth a global Africa through the articulation of routes and roots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR].
-, Jamaica, in 2007, led the call for the UN to erect a permanent memorial, which UN Secretary General Ban Ki-moon said would acknowledge the struggles of the millions of Africans who, over more than three centuries, 'were violently removed from their homelands, ruthlessly abused and robbed of their dignity'. As was the case in 2007, Jamaica took centre stage on Day One of the 68th session of the UN General Assembly. The country's permanent representative to the UN and chair of the Permanent Memorial Committee, Ambassador Courtenay Rattray, was the one who announced the Ark of No Return', done by Roger Leon, as the winning design.
Reviews a book that finds that Jews had a minuscule role in the slave trade and played only a minor role as slave owners wherever they resided in the New World
333 p., Examines both historical and contemporary attempts by the people of Ouidah, Benin Republic in West Africa and in the Caribbean country of Haiti to confront and reconcile their relationship via the transatlantic slave trade. Oral and visual narrative have been central to this process as people represent, reflect and interpret a past that is fraught with gaps, silences and erasures. Proposes that the process of remembrance mirrors a traditional rites of passage whereby one lives as part of a community, dies to the past and then is reborn anew in the community. Both Ouidahans and Haitians now occupy a liminal space--an exilic space--in which they struggle to remember a past that was for many years repressed and suppressed.
Mouser,Bruce L. (Author) and Mouser,Bruce L. (Editor)
Format:
Book, Whole
Publication Date:
2002
Published:
Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
Based on Samuel Gamble’s ship’s log entitled ’A journal of an intended voyage, by God’s permission, from London towards Africa from hence to America in the good ship Sandown" by me Samuel Gamble Commander.Captain Samuel Gamble's log contains the record of a slaving venture to Africa and Jamaica that nearly failed. It is one of the best firsthand narratives of the slave trade to survive. Bruce Mouser's faithfully transcribed and carefully annotated edition of Gamble's log provides a haunting perspective on slave trading at the end of the 18th century. Gamble was captain of the British merchant Sandown. During 1793—1794, the ship embarked on a commercial venture from England to Upper Guinea in West Africa to buy slaves and transport them for sale in Kingston, Jamaica. Gamble describes shipping at the beginning of the Anglo-French war in 1793, naval and nautical procedures for the English-African-West Indian trade, and the slave-trading patterns and institutions on the African coast and at Kingston, Jamaica. He recounts as well a yellow fever epidemic that swept the Atlantic and crippled commerce on both sides of the ocean. Mouser's extensive annotations place Gamble's account in historical context and explain for the reader Gamble's observations on commerce, disease, and African peoples along the Upper Guinea coast; Based on Samuel Gamble’s ship’s log entitled ’A journal of an intended voyage, by God’s permission, from London towards Africa from hence to America in the good ship Sandown" by me Samuel Gamble Commander.
Relying mainly on the manuscript records of the Royal African Company, we explore the factors that contributed to the large gap between slave prices in Africa and the Caribbean. Twenty-two voyages from the mid-1680s are analyzed. These were conducted with hired ships and the payments to the shipowners and captains were recorded. In addition to transport costs, mortality and morbidity had a big effect on slave prices; while the earnings from the trade in gold and ivory had a moderating influence. The effect of mortality and transport costs on slave prices during the eighteenth century is also explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR].
Curto,Jose C. (Editor) and Soulodre-LaFrance,Renée (Editor)
Format:
Book, Edited
Publication Date:
2005
Published:
Trenton, NJ: Africa World Press
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
Collection of essays from a conference held at York University, October 12-15th, 2000., 338 p, A collection of scholarly works addressing pertinent themes and using innovative approaches and methodologies to advance research on the "Atlantic World" by demonstrating how the slave trade facilitated the creation of one world where before there had been many. The volume includes several of the leading scholars from Brazil, North America and Africa. The organization of this collection of essays reflects an important structural feature of the slave trade itself. That is its circular nature, departing from Africa, coming to America, and then returning to Africa.
In this article, I explore the impact of slavery and the Slave trade on the most fundamental relationship in human societies, the bond between mother and child. Firstly, I review European accounts of motherhood and childrearing (pre-enslavement) in the African cultures of origin. Secondly, I address the traumas of dislocation and enslavement during the Middle Passage. This is followed by some insights into the experiences of women and children in Caribbean Slave societies where I argue that, despite the harsh conditions, African-derived conceptualisations of motherhood and parenting endured. I conclude with a brief consideration of the reverberations of slavery into the post slavery era, specifically in relation to European attempts to change African-derived practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR];.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
311 p, An examination of slavery that covers the Spanish, Portuguese and French regions of Latin America and examines the latest findings on the plantation system, demography, the slave trade, the construction of the slave community and Afro-American culture; Includes index./ Bibliography: p. 273-294.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
246 p., With the abolition of the slave trade in 1807 and the emancipation of all slaves throughout the British Empire in 1833, Britain washed its hands of slavery. Not so, according to Marika Sherwood, who sets the record straight in this provocative new book. In fact, Sherwood demonstrates Britain continued to contribute to and profit from the slave trade well after 1807, even into the twentieth century. Chapter 4 is about Cuba and Brazil, pp. 83-111.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
234 p, The book examines the four hundred years of the Atlantic slave trade, covering the West and East African experiences, as well as all the American colonies and republics that obtained slaves from Africa. It outlines both the common features of this trade and the local differences that developed. It discusses the slave trade's economics, politics, demographic impact, and cultural implications in Africa and America. Finally, it places the slave trade in the context of world trade and examines the role it played in the growing relationship between Asia, Africa, Europe and America.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
177 p, In 1502, the first African slaves were taken to Hispaniola. In 1888, Brazil became the last western-hemisphere country to outlaw slavery. Yet for the nearly 400 years in between, slavery played a major role in linking the histories of Africa, North and South America, and Europe. "The Atlantic Slave Trade" begins with an overview of African slavery in the new world, then delves deeply into the phenomenon itself with essays on five separate issues: The capture of slaves and the Middle Passage,
Identities of the enslaved and their lives after capture, The economics of the slave trade, The struggle to end slavery, and The slave trade's legacy.
"In this paper I should like to discuss a particular geographical area in Venezuela which has been heavily influenced by black populations stemming from colonial trans-Atlantic slave trade, i.e., the region known as Barlovento, which lies east-southeast of Caracas." (author);
Provides information on how the enforced diaspora of the slave trade shaped Brazil as a nation. Information about the coming of the first African slaves in 1538; Burgeoning of Brazil's African descended population in the sixteenth century; Reasons for the survival of African cultural traditions in Brazil; Distinctive African stocks in Brazil; Abolishment of the slave trade in Brazil in 1850; Percentage of the 1997 Brazilian population that is of African descent.
Kingston, Jamaica: University Of West Indies Press
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
292 p, Presentation of empirical historical data on Britain’s transatlantic slave economy and society supports the legal claim that chattel slavery as established by the British state and sustained by citizens and governments was understood then as a crime, but political and moral outrage were silenced by the argument that the enslavement of black people was in Britain’s national interest. Slavery was invested in by the royal family, the government, the established church, most elite families, and large public institutions in the private and public sector. Citing the legal principles of unjust and criminal enrichment, the author presents a compelling argument for Britain’s payment of its black debt, a debt that it continues to deny .
Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina Press
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
Originally published: 1944., 285 p, Slavery helped finance the Industrial Revolution in England. Plantation owners, shipbuilders, and merchants connected with the slave trade accumulated vast fortunes that established banks and heavy industry in Europe and expanded the reach of capitalism worldwide. Eric Williams advanced these powerful ideas in Capitalism and Slavery, published in 1944. In a new introduction, Colin Palmer assesses the lasting impact of Williams's groundbreaking work and analyzes the heated scholarly debates it generated when it first appeared.
Cateau,Heather (Author) and Carrington,Selwyn H. H. (Author)
Format:
Book, Whole
Publication Date:
2000
Published:
New York: P. Lang
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
247 p, Contents: Eric Williams and Howard university / John Hope Franklin -- The legacy of Eric Williams / George Lamming -- Eric Williams and his intellectual legacy / Colin Palmer -- Capitalism and slavery, fifty years after / Joseph Inikori -- Capitalism and slavery / Seymour Drescher -- William as historian / Andrew O'Shaughnessy -- Capitalism and slavery / Ibrahim Sundiata -- Economic aspects of the british trade in slaves / William Darity -- Planters, slaves and decline / David Ryden -- War, revolution and abolitionism, 1793-1806 / Claudius Fergus -- Globalization / Kari Levitt
Shepherd,Verene A. (Author) and Beckles,Hilary (Author)
Format:
Monograph
Publication Date:
2000
Published:
Princeton, NJ: Markus Wiener
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
1120 p, "Revised/ expanded version of the text 'Caribbean Slave Society and Economy.' Comprehensive, made up of 17 sections (each with its own introduction) of more than 70 articles." (Publisher)
Bergad,Laird W. (Author), Iglesias Garcia,Fe (Author), and Barcia,Maria del Carmen (Author)
Format:
Monograph
Publication Date:
1995
Published:
New York: Cambridge University Press
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
245 p, "Quantitative study of Cuban slavery from the late 18th C. until 1880; core of this study is an examination of the yearly movement of slave prices and changes in the demographic characteristics of the slave market." (Amazon.com)
Vesey knew the horrors of slavery first hand. Since he had lived in St. Dominique as a youth, he followed the events there with particular interest. Men from the area and surrounding plantations would attack the city, take control of the guardhouse and block the bridges and roads, killing every white person in sight.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
123 p, Discusses the inhumanity, injustice and the impiety of the slavery and also show the statistics of how slavery has decreased in the West Indies.;
