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52. Reforesting the grasslands of Papua New Guinea: The importance of a family-based approach
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Baynes, Jack (author), Herbohn, John (author), Unsworth, William (author), and University of the Sunshine Coast New Britain Palm Oil Ltd.
- Format:
- Online journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2017-11
- Published:
- Australia: Science Direct
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 106 Document Number: D10935
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Rural Studies
- Journal Title Details:
- 57(2017) : 124-131
- Notes:
- 7 pages., via online journal article, The complexities of Melanesian customary land tenure greatly influence the adoption of community-based reforestation (CBR) in Papua New Guinea (PNG). CBR has recently become a focus for the PNG government due to declining yield from native forests which has renewed attention on developing timber plantations to augment villagers' livelihoods. In this paper, we investigate the factors which affect adoption of timber tree-growing by farmers and communities. We assess the efficacy of a policy frequently employed by non-government organisations (NGOs) in which single or multi-clan based seedling nurseries are used to encourage tree growing. A key finding is that people's need for technical assistance is subordinate to social and cultural factors, principally the need for community harmony. Farmers' motivation to plant trees is adversely influenced by uncertainties inherent in PNG's system of customary land tenure. Interventions – in this case extension assistance to grow trees – may create or exacerbate intra- and inter-clan conflict by bringing long term uncertainties into short term focus. For villagers in PNG, as in other cultures, we conclude that key enabling conditions for collective action revolve around strengthening villagers' bridging social capital in a manner which is sensitive to their longstanding social traditions. Targeted, do-it-yourself, family assistance may be as effective as attempts to encourage collective action. The implications of our findings for Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) which envisages a participatory approach to community engagement, are that cross-community initiatives may not be feasible without extensive investment in building social capital. Initiatives targeted at families or family-groups may be most successful.
53. Reliance on sources of information for water-saving practices by irrigators in the High Plains of the U.S.A
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Kromm, David E. (author) and White, Stephen E. (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 1991
- Published:
- USA
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C23827
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Rural Studies
- Journal Title Details:
- 7(4) : 411-421
- Notes:
- The three sources that best discriminate adoption behavior of irrigators are private agricultural consulting firms, university research stations and trade magazines.
54. Risk, trust and knowledge networks in farmers' learning
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Sligo, F.X. (author), Massey, Claire (author), and Department of Communication and Journalism, Massey University Massey University, New Zealand Centre for SME Research
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2007-04
- Published:
- Elsevier
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 16 Document Number: D10440
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Rural Studies
- Journal Title Details:
- 23(2) : 170-182
- Notes:
- 13 pages., Via online journal., This study reports on New Zealand dairy farmers’ access to and use of information as mediated through conditions of risk and trust within the context of their interpersonal social networks. We located participants’ reports of their information use within their perceived environments of trust and risk, following Giddens's [1990. The consequences of modernity. Polity Press, Stanford, CA] typology of trust and risk in pre-modernity and modernity. The research participants were constant users of interpersonal and print information from numerous sources, and monitored their incoming data in the light of strategic needs, reflecting their roles as both farming practitioners and business owners. Socio-spatial knowledge networks (SSKNs) combine individuals’ explanatory cognitive models of information acquisition and use with a micro-geographical analysis of their interpersonal networks. The participants showed characteristics of pre-modern, modern and even post-modern society in respect of their use of complex interactional forms, as well as a blending of individualistic and communitarian practices and concerns in their professional and personal lives.
55. Rural challenge(s): partnership and new rural governance
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Jones, Owain (author) and Little, Jo (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2000-04
- Published:
- USA
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 117 Document Number: C12813
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Rural Studies
- Journal Title Details:
- 16(2) : 171-183
56. Rural community unbound: Trans-locality, rural-to-rural connections and the formation of inter-regional surname associations in China
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Chen, Ningning (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2020-07-20
- Published:
- Singapore: Elsevier
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 201 Document Number: D11858
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Rural Studies
- Notes:
- 9 pages, via online journal, Rural communities are not restricted to bounded territories but increasingly reproduced by intensified rural connections with the outside. Extant research tends to suggest that the production of rural community unbound relies on the movement and activities of mobile groups while ignoring the trans-local practice of community-making by local villagers who stay in the countryside. This paper draws on ethnographic insights on the formation of inter-regional surname associations in contemporary China, a contemporary form of Chinese lineage communities which is relatively unknown both in and outside China. By adopting a trans-local approach, it explores how rural lineage members and groups initiate the alliance with their same surname fellows in different rural localities to forge trans-local communities. Such rural-to-rural alliance is consolidated through various meanings and practices, producing the idea of a big ‘family’. This trans-local community not only enables rural members to enhance their mobilities and cultural and socio-economic capital but is also grounded in lineage groups' assertion of territorial identity, power, and social status. With a nuanced analysis of the trans-local agency of local villagers, this paper contributes to understanding the production of trans-local communities and trans-local rurality based on rural-to-rural connections. It also offers insights into the reconstruction of rural people's identities in contemporary China.
57. Showing and telling farming: agricultural shows and re-imaging British agriculture
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Holloway, Lewis (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2004-07
- Published:
- UK
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C21994
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Rural Studies
- Journal Title Details:
- 20(3) : 319-330
58. Social sustainability in agriculture – A system-based framework
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Janker, Judith (author), Mann, Stefan (author), and Rist, Stephan (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2019-01-01
- Published:
- Netherlands: Elsevier
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 203 Document Number: D12237
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Rural Studies
- Journal Title Details:
- Vol. 65
- Notes:
- 11 pages, Sustainability has become a key term for linking environmental, economic and social issues, in both the sciences and politics. Conceptions and frameworks of sustainability have thus arisen to evaluate agricultural systems on their sustainability. Within these conceptions and in political and scientific discourses, what can be understood as the social pillar of sustainability in agriculture varies greatly, especially in regards to the scope and the sustainability standards applied. While rural inhabitants have been subject of various ‘sustainability studies’, the consideration of the social dimension in agriculture is still rather underrepresented. Our conceptual framework can contribute to enhance the understanding of the social dimension of sustainability by utilizing a social science-based approach to comprehend the complexity of social interaction in agriculture: Based on Parsons' system approach, we capture the components of a social system that encompasses agriculture and its embeddedness in society. This includes all major actors, their interactions and institutions. Further, we develop Maslow's hierarchy of needs as well as the rights approach into a sustainability scale. We call the conceptual framework the sustainable agricultural social system. This general framework can later be adapted to local cultural and social settings, serving as a more comprehensive and flexible sustainability framework.
59. The city in the country: Growing alternative food networks in metropolitan areas
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Jarosz, Lucy (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2007-12-27
- Published:
- USA: Elsevier
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 163 Document Number: C27194
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Rural Studies
- Journal Title Details:
- DOI: 10.1016/j.jrurstud.2007.10.002
60. The cultural imaginary of ethical meat: A study of producer perceptions
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Johnston, Josee (author), Weiler, Anelyse (author), and Baumann, Shyon (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2022-01-05
- Published:
- United States: Elsevier
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 205 Document Number: D12564
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Rural Studies
- Journal Title Details:
- 89
- Notes:
- 12 pages., Because of concerns about human health, the environment, and animal welfare, meat is a highly contentious food. Accordingly, a broad range of alternative, small-scale practices for raising livestock and producing non-industrial meat are in the spotlight. While scholars have examined consumer perspectives on “ethical” meat, less is known about producers' perceptions of how small-scale meat production fits into the broader food system, and how their perceptions relate to broader sustainability debates surrounding meat. We explore producer perspectives on small-scale “ethical” meat production and its role in a sustainable food system. We do so through interviews and site visits with 74 people working within alternative meat production in four Canadian provinces, a sample that includes farmers, ranchers, butchers, and meat-focussed chefs. We find that, in the face of practical challenges linked to small-scale production, producers are passionately committed to the project of small-scale animal rearing that they regard as humane and sustainable. Despite these similarities, producers have radically different ideas about the purpose and potential of ethical meat. We observed major differences among producers' cultural imagination of meat, exemplifying varied ideas for fitting meat into a sustainable food system. Our findings underscore the importance of charting not only producers’ practices, but also their cultural orientations.