7 pages, This study aims to identify whether there is dependence between agricultural commodities traded on the Brazilian market. We used the bivariate copula method over a ten-year period to assess the extreme effects on the returns of the following commodities: soybean, wheat, Arabica coffee, and Robusta coffee. The relationship directly affects the dependence between Arabica and Robusta coffees commodities. While the relationship between wheat, Arabica and Robusta coffees, and soybean is positively dependent. Economic growth, market dynamics, and the prices of an agricultural commodity tend to increase the price of other commodities.
7 pages, This study aims to identify whether there is dependence between agricultural commodities traded on the Brazilian market. We used the bivariate copula method over a ten-year period to assess the extreme effects on the returns of the following commodities: soybean, wheat, Arabica coffee, and Robusta coffee. The relationship directly affects the dependence between Arabica and Robusta coffees commodities. While the relationship between wheat, Arabica and Robusta coffees, and soybean is positively dependent. Economic growth, market dynamics, and the prices of an agricultural commodity tend to increase the price of other commodities.
6 pages, The growing local demands for wheat products due changing taste of the population consistently create gap in local production, resulted in huge import, making wheat a strategic crop to the country. The objective of this study is to assess local production and import in Nigeria, challenges devilling wheat production and strategies employed by various stakeholders to encourage local wheat production. The study uses secondary data obtained from Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) to assess local production and import, while available literature was reviewed for challenges devilling wheat production and the strategies employed to encourage local production by stakeholders. The study revealed that, local wheat production is stagnated while import is increasing, and the value of import increased by 66.5% between 2016 – 2020. The challenges of wheat production in Nigeria ranges from unfavourable climatic conditions, limited access to improved seed varieties, high cost of production, inadequate irrigation infrastructure, insufficient funding systems, lack of a cohesive national strategy on wheat development, and the unclear role of various stakeholders among others. The need for improved security, stable and consistent Government policies, encourage mechanization, fostering collaborations among stakeholders, increased investment in research and training, expansion of irrigation land and facilities and increase farmers access to credit are the major strategies suggested to boost local wheat production.
