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2. Eyes wide shut: exploring practices of negotiated ignorance in water resources modelling and management
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Chong, Natalie (author), Deroubaix, José-Frédéric (author), and Bonhomme, Céline (author)
- Format:
- Online journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2018-12-01
- Published:
- Elsevier
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 32 Document Number: D10625
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Environmental Management
- Journal Title Details:
- 227: 286-293
- Notes:
- 8 pages., via online journal., Formalised methods to address uncertainty are becoming the norm in hydrological modelling, yet they remain fragmented and highly academic, thus limiting their utility for practitioners. Using a qualitative, empirical study of the PIREN-Seine program in France, this paper explores the proccesses behind this trend in an effort to elucidate its prevalence despite inherent limitations when applied to a decision-making context. We identify: 1/ displacement of ‘uncomfortable knowledge’, 2/ fragmented responsibility, 3/ confidence, and 4/ relational framing as interconnected factors, which concurrently support the production of scientific knowledge and the social construction of ignorance, whether it be wilful or intentional. We posit that ignorance is implicitly negotiated among researchers and practitioners in order to reconcile cognitive dissonance and maintain confidence, thereby allowing water managers to take action in the face of uncertainty. Finally, we put forth the notion that having our ‘eyes wide shut’ can be interpreted in two ways: one facilitates the normalisation of ignorance, leaving us vulnerable to unexpected surprises; the other promotes transparent and explicit communication in support of more adaptive and robust decisions.
3. Improving on-farm water use efficiency: role of collective action in irrigation management
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Chaudhry, Anita M. (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2018
- Published:
- International
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 144 Document Number: D11550
- Journal Title:
- Water Resources and Economics
- Journal Title Details:
- 22 :4-18
- Notes:
- 15 pages., Online via UI e-subscription., Data from Pakistan prompt the author to suggest that underlying community characteristics and/or social interactions may be driving both the performance of water user associations and on-farm water use efficiency.
4. Social-cognitive conceptualization of Iranian farmers’ water conservation behavior
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Valizadeh, Naser (author), Bijani, Masoud (author), Hayati, Dariush (author), and Haghighi, Negin Fallah (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2019-06
- Published:
- United States: Springer
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 203 Document Number: D12270
- Journal Title:
- Hydrogeology Journal
- Journal Title Details:
- v. 27, iss. 4
- Notes:
- 12 pages, Many environmental dilemmas such as water scarcity originate from human behavior. This study aimed to analyze Iranian farmers’ water conservation behavior using Bandura’s social-cognitive theory. To this end, a cross-sectional survey was conducted to collect the required data. The research instrument was a questionnaire. A sample of 380 farmers was selected using a multistage stratified random sampling method. The results indicated that variables of social-cognitive theory could predict about 73% of farmers’ water conservation behavior variance. Investigation of direct effects of factors on farmers’ water conservation behavior revealed that the major determinants are as follows: intention of water conservation, social-structural factors, perception of others’ behavior, outcome expectancy, self-efficacy, and water conservation co-regulation. Findings showed that factors that have been mentioned in social-cognitive theory could be considered for enhancing farmers’ water conservation behaviors since the theory provides a more realistic insight into farmers’ behaviors with an emphasis on farmers’ social and structural contexts
5. The mediating role of farmers' time perspective in water resources exploitation behaviour in the eastern area of Lake Urmia, Iran: An environmental psychological analysis
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Sadeghi, Ali (author), Bijani, Masoud (author), and Farhadian, Homayoun (author)
- Format:
- Online journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2019-08
- Published:
- Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 78 Document Number: D10818
- Journal Title:
- Water and Environment Journal
- Notes:
- 15 pages., via online journal., This study aimed to analyse the mediating role of farmers' time perspective in water resources exploitation behaviour/s (WREB). The study was descriptive correlational and causal relational and was carried out using a survey. The statistical population consisted of farmers in the eastern area of Lake Urmia (N = 232 295), of whom 386 persons were selected using a stratified random sampling method. The instrument was a questionnaire, whose validity was confirmed by a panel of experts. Its reliability was also verified by performing the Cronbach's alpha test (0.60 ≥ α ≥ 0.94). The causal framework is presented based on the findings. In such a condition, self‐efficacy, psychological needs and time perspective had the highest total causal effect on farmers' WREB. Moreover, the results confirmed the mediating role of time perspective (as a personal variable) and time norms (as a social variable) in WREB. Therefore, the proper conduct of farmers' WREB needs to provide a futuristic perspective, which is also confirmed by social norms.
6. Understanding barriers and opportunities for adoption of conservation practices on rented farmland in the US
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Ranjan, Pranay (author), Wardroppe, Chloe B. (author), Eanes, Francis R. (author), Reddy, Sheila M. W. (author), Harden, Seth C. (author), Masuda, Yuta J. (author), and Prokopy, Linda S. (author)
- Format:
- Online journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2019-01
- Published:
- USA: Science Direct
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 8 Document Number: D10297
- Journal Title:
- Land Use Policy
- Journal Title Details:
- 80 : 214-223
- Notes:
- 10 pages., Via online journal., Agricultural conservation programs often focus on farm operators when promoting conservation practices. However, much of U.S. farmland is owned by landowners not directly involved in farm operations. Rental arrangements on these lands can dis-incentivize the adoption of conservation practices that could improve soil health, water quality, and land values. To date, agricultural conservation policy has largely ignored the role of non-operating landowners (NOLs) and rental arrangements. We help improve the evidence-base for policy by identifying barriers to adoption of conservation practices on rented farmlands. Analysis of forty interviews with NOLs, operators, farm managers and university extension personnel in Iowa, Illinois, and Indiana revealed five categories of barriers: cash rent lease terms, rental market dynamics, information deficits/asymmetries, cognitive/interpersonal, and financial motivations. Some barriers, such as risk aversion and farm aesthetics were expressed by both NOLs and operators, while other barriers, such as status quo bias and annual renewal of leases were only expressed by NOLs and operators, respectively. To overcome barriers to conservation, interviewees recommended improving communication between NOLs and operators and modifying cash rent lease terms in order to build in flexibility for equitable sharing of risks and rewards. Agricultural conservation programs could readily apply these results—possibly working with intermediaries (e.g., farm managers, lawyers)—to offer communication and lease tools and assistance to NOLS and operators. Future research should evaluate the efficacy of these conservation interventions and how intermediaries affect the balance of power between NOLs and operators.
7. Water conservation and climate change: using cognitive dissonance to engage the public
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Taylor, Melissa R. (author), Lamm, Alexa J. (author), and Lundy, Lisa K. (author)
- Format:
- Conference paper
- Publication Date:
- 2017-02
- Published:
- USA
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 163 Document Number: D08156
- Notes:
- Research paper presented in the Agricultural Communications Section, Southern Association of Agricultural Scientists (SAAS) conference in Mobile, Alabama, February 4-7, 2017. 22 pages.
8. Water conservation: extension agents’ perceptions of issue importance, professional abilities, and landowner needs
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- McCrary, Audrey (author), Burger, Leslie M. (author), Downey, Laura (author), and Baker, Beth H. (author)
- Format:
- Journal aricle
- Publication Date:
- 2022-03-11
- Published:
- United States: University of Clemson Press
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 205 Document Number: D12533
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Extension
- Journal Title Details:
- V. 60, Iss. 1
- Notes:
- 13pgs, The Extension Service is one of many agencies charged with increasing awareness and knowledge of research-based agricultural conservation practices. A regional survey of Extension agents with agriculture and natural resources responsibilities was conducted to assess the need for in-service training on 11 water resource conservation topics. The highest priority training needs were for topics related to complex interactions and drivers of agricultural water pollution. This article highlights the implications of these results and offers broader perspective on bringing the Borich model of needs assessment into the agricultural and natural resources realm of subject matter expertise.
9. When female leaders believe that men are better leaders: Empowerment in community-based water management in rural Namibia
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Steinmanis, Ivo (author), Hofmann, Rebecca (author), Mbidzo, Meed (author), and Vollan, Björn (author)
- Format:
- Journal Article
- Publication Date:
- unknown
- Published:
- International: Elsevier
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 201 Document Number: D11876
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Rural Studies
- Journal Title Details:
- 79
- Notes:
- 10 pages, Decentralization of water management in Namibia follows a community-based co-management approach, emphasizing the inclusion of women in local leadership. Building on a random sample of 32 water point chairpersons, 17 female and 15 male, and 384 villagers in rural northern Namibia, we document that women are equally represented as chairpersons and that they are significantly more educated and younger than their male counterparts. However, most of the female leaders come from the family of the traditional leader. We then show that opinions about the role of a leader (such as the belief that ‘men make better leaders’ or ‘it is sometimes acceptable to take a bribe’) do not differ between male and female leaders. However, their opinions differ significantly from those of the average villager. Thus, our assessment reveals that although men and women are equally represented in numbers, it has not necessarily led to the adoption of new ideas about and conceptions of leadership and gender roles in practice so far. We discuss how some aspects of the democratic blueprint are accepted while others are rejected, adapted, or transformed to fit local specificities.