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422. Toussaint L'Ouverture
- Collection:
- Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
- Contributers:
- Simmonds,Yussuf J. (Author)
- Format:
- Newspaper Article
- Publication Date:
- Feb 4-Feb 10, 2010
- Published:
- Los Angeles, Calif., United States, Los Angeles, Calif.
- Location:
- African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Journal Title:
- Sentinel
- Journal Title Details:
- 5 : A12-A.12
- Notes:
- According to colonial records, he was granted his freedom, given 13 slaves and 15 acres of land and allowed to grow coffee and sugar cane, as a surrogate plantation owner. When this declaration of the rights of all men was denied to the slave population, they revolted and in 1791, the rebellion swept the northern part of the island like a massive tidal wave.
423. Toussaint L'Ouverture
- Collection:
- Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
- Contributers:
- Simmonds,Yussuf J. (Author)
- Format:
- Newspaper Article
- Publication Date:
- May 31-Jun 6, 2007
- Published:
- Los Angeles, Calif., United States, Los Angeles, Calif.
- Location:
- African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Journal Title:
- Sentinel
- Journal Title Details:
- 43 : A15-A.15
- Notes:
- Born Francois Dominique Toussaint, he gained historical recognition as "Toussaint L'Ouverture"-the "L'Ouverture" part of his name was bestowed upon him as a result of his freedom-fighting exploits later in his life. He was a self-educated slave who joined other slaves to fight for their common goal-their freedom and the establishment of a free country. He had no military training, or formal education but he possessed a passion for freedom, and an innate ability to organize. He was born on the island of Hispaniola on the Breda plantation between 1743 and 1746 having descended from the Arrada people of the Dahomey Coast, Africa. Toussaint was the oldest son of a slave brought to the French colony of Santo Domingo located on the eastern part of the island At that time, the island was called "Hispaniola;" the name "Haiti" came later on. It was Toussaint who eventually brought Haiti into being as an independent country. His slave-master was one Count de Breda who originally named him Toussaint Breda. The master also encouraged young Toussaint to learn to read and write, a rarity for a slave-master. It was because of Toussaint's assistance, the French were victorious against the British and the Spanish forces, yet the French were not willing to grant freedom to the slaves, which was the primary teason that Toussaint had lent his expertise to them. His series of military campaigns became known as "L'Ouverture" or "the opening," because he exploited openings in the defenses of the opposition. And Francois Dominique Toussaint then became known as "Toussaint L'Ouverture." In addition to their treachery and deception, France sent more regiments to the island m furtherance their scheme to renege on the moderate terms of peace and freedom that were promised to Toussaint and his men. The French were contemptuous and they boldly proclaimed, "Did Toussaint think that they had brought half a million African slaves to the New World to make them French citizens?" As leader of the nation, L'Ouverture organized a structured government and instituted public improvements. He was widely renowned, revered by Blacks and detested by Whites-the French and the Americans. L'Ouverture's activities did not go unnoticed by the U.S., a country that was prospering off slaves and their free labor. In his book "In the Matter of Color," author and noted jurist, A. Leon Higginbotham noted a French historian and politician who at that time wrote, "Thus it is that in the U.S., the prejudice rejecting the negroes seems to increase in proportion to their emancipation." (These events apparently propelled Nat Turner's rebellion as he attempted to follow the footsteps of L'Ouverture in Virginia).
424. Toussaint L'Ouverture: The Other Bonaparte!
- Collection:
- Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
- Contributers:
- Dowdy,Eliz C. (Author)
- Format:
- Newspaper Article
- Publication Date:
- 1998-02-28
- Published:
- San Bernardino, CA
- Location:
- African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Journal Title:
- Precinct Reporter
- Journal Title Details:
- p. 5
- Notes:
- Toussaint L'Ouverture: The Other Bonaparte! When the friction of social injustice and deprivation ignite that fuel, glimmers of hope begin to surface. So it happened with the baby boy who came on the world scene as Toussaint L'Ouverture. Acts such as these stirred [Toussaint]; he felt destined to remedy the societal ills. He also knew the time was not yet right, so he waited and learned. Toussaint became the most humble, obliging slave. He was held up as a model to other slaves.
425. Transfer Day
- Collection:
- Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
- Contributers:
- Schiller,Sophie author (Author)
- Format:
- Book, Whole
- Publication Date:
- 2012
- Published:
- Charlston, SC: Sophie Schiller
- Location:
- African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Notes:
- 361 p., "I wrote Transfer Day as a way to honor the people of the Virgin Islands and to honor the upcoming Centennial celebration in 2017." --The Author
426. Travelers' tales of old Cuba
- Collection:
- Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
- Contributers:
- Jenkins,John (Author)
- Format:
- Book, Whole
- Publication Date:
- 2010
- Published:
- New York: Ocean Press
- Location:
- African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Notes:
- ;, 194 p., Includes Langston Hughes' "Cuban color lines, 1930" and Erna Fergusson's "Afro-Cuban religious beliefs, 1946."
427. Tropics of History: Cuba Imagined
- Collection:
- Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
- Contributers:
- West,Alan (Author)
- Format:
- Book, Whole
- Publication Date:
- 1997
- Published:
- Greenwood Publishing Group
- Location:
- African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Notes:
- 214 p, This study offers a unique perspective in interpreting the cultural politics of Cuba's complex history through an exploration of the country's literature. The book introduces readers to some of Cuba's most eminent and engaging voices by examining some of the historical tropes put forth by major writers. Drawing on an array of interpretive approaches from mythopoetic analysis to phenomenology, West addresses the work of Nancy Morejon, Alejo Carpentier, Virgilio Pinera, Dulce Maria Loynaz, Jose Lezama Lima, and Severo Sarduy. This poetic look at Cuba's rich and turbulent history through the eyes of its writers will be of interest to students and scholars of Latin American history and culture; Includes bibliographical references
428. Twenty 20 for 50 cricket festival : forged from the love of cricket ...
- Collection:
- Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
- Contributers:
- Eniath,Aliyyah (Editor), Khan,Naim (Editor), and Trinidad and Tobago. Ministry of Planning and Sustainable Development (Association)
- Format:
- Book, Whole
- Publication Date:
- 2012
- Published:
- Chaguanas, Trinidad and Tobago: Safari Publications
- Location:
- African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Notes:
- "In celebration of our nation's 50th Anniversary of Independence" --Cover., 64 p
429. U.S. intervention in British Guiana : a Cold War story
- Collection:
- Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
- Contributers:
- Rabe, Stephen G. (Author)
- Format:
- Book, Whole
- Publication Date:
- 2005-01-01
- Published:
- Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press
- Location:
- African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Notes:
- 240 p., When the South American colony now known as Guyana was due to gain independence from Britain in the 1960s, U.S. officials in the Kennedy and Johnson administrations feared it would become a communist nation under the leadership of Cheddi Jagan, a Marxist who was very popular among the South Asian (mostly Indian) majority. Although to this day the CIA refuses to confirm or deny involvement, Rabe presents evidence that CIA funding, through a program run by the AFL-CIO, helped foment the labor unrest, race riots, and general chaos that led to Jagan's replacement in 1964.
430. Uncovering Blacks In Latin America
- Collection:
- Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
- Format:
- Newspaper Article
- Publication Date:
- Apr 21-Apr 27, 2011
- Published:
- Sacramento, CA
- Location:
- African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Journal Title:
- Sacramento Observer
- Journal Title Details:
- 19 : A7
- Notes:
- Black In Latin America, premiering nationally Tuesdays April 19, 26 and May 3, 10, 2011, at 8 p.m. (ET) on PBS (check local listings), examines how Africa and Europe came together to create the rich cultures of Latin America and the Caribbean. Latin America is often associated with music, monuments and sun, but each of the six countries featured in Black in Latin America including Brazil, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, Haiti, Mexico and Peru, has a secret history. On his journey, Professor Gates discovers, behind a shared legacy of colonialism and slavery, vivid stories and people marked by African roots.