12 pages., Online via UI e-subscription., The author compiled restaurant sales and unit count estimates for 155 restaurant chains during 1981 through 1998. Unit-level sales and advertising expenditures were calculated by averaging annual system-wide totals by the number of units in operation during the year. Findings supported hypotheses that national advertising does not provide a positive return to advertising for many chain units and a larger proportion of chains exhibit a positive return to advertising at the system level than at the unit level.
17 pages., Online via UI e-subscription, Researchers used content analysis to determine the relationship between the use of celebrities and the types of products endorsed in one popular U.S. magazine and two popular Thailand magazines. Results indicated that a significant relationship existed among celebrity endorsers and product types. Product categories involving food, diet, and weight loss were among those in which celebrity endorsers were used most.
19 pages., Online via UI e-subscription, Authors collected consumer data to understand the heterogeneity of consumer behavior and store competition in grocery shopping. Marketing research techniques were used to analyze consumers' decision processes and their preference models.
7 pages., Online journal article via UI e-subscription. Co-published simultaneously in Mary-Lou Galician (ed.), Handbook of product placement in the mass media: new strategies in marketing theory, practice, trends, and ethics. Best Business Books., Executive director of the Center for Science in the Public Interest responds to questions about trends and public issues related to use of product placements in movies and television.
18 pages., Online via UI e-subscription, Investigated the extent to which extenuating factors (excluding those produced by the commercial) affected the extent to which an advertisement was both persuasive and eventually engendered persuasion. Results demonstrated that the combined pre-existing market forces had a greater impact on a commercial's ability to persuade than did the message or creativity in the advertisement itself. Foods were among the products involved in this analysis.
19 pages., Online via UI e-subscription, Researchers examined the effectiveness of descriptive norm cues in the context of green advertising for large grocery chains through the lens of the persuasion knowledge model. "Results suggested that green advertising might be more productive if retailers frame their messages without descriptive norm cues and reliance on whether they are seen as 'green' (Whole Foods) or 'non green' (Wal-Mart)."
14 pages., Online via UI e-subscription, This critical review examined the role that country image and country of origin play in food retailing within the context of international trade in food. Authors developed a research agenda, highlighting several major avenues and methodological approaches with the aim of enhancing the relevance and validity of COO research in food retailing and promotion management.
