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    2. Ag data transparent organization releases model ag data use agreement

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Contributers:
    Janzen, Todd (author)
    Format:
    Report summary
    Publication Date:
    2019-06-17
    Published:
    USA: Henderson Communications, LLC
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 30 Document Number: D10562
    Notes:
    3 pages., via blog from Janzen Ag Law - online via AgriMarketing Weekly., Since big data arrived in agriculture a few years ago, I have watched companies struggle with how to address farmers' concerns with ag data privacy, security, and control. Some companies have started with a clean sheet of paper and drafted agreements that reflect what they actually do. Others have taken a short cut by cutting and pasting agreements from other industries. The result is that contracts for ag data collection, use and sharing are inconsistent and often miss the point-to communicate the company's intentions with users.

    3. Agricultural producer perceptions of climate change and climate education needs for the Central Great Plains

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Contributers:
    Hibbs, Amber Campbell (author), Kahl, Daniel (author), PytlikZillig, Lisa (author), Champion, Ben (author), Abdel-Monem, Tarik (author), Steffensmeier, Timothy (author), Rice, Charles W. (author), and Hubbard, Kenneth (author)
    Format:
    Journal article
    Publication Date:
    2014-06
    Published:
    USA
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 140 Document Number: D06056
    Journal Title:
    Journal of Extension
    Journal Title Details:
    52(3) : 3FEA2
    Notes:
    8 pages.

    4. Agriculture sector struggles to wade through the molasses of public opinion

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Contributers:
    Dyck, Toban (author)
    Format:
    Commentary
    Publication Date:
    2019-11-19
    Published:
    Canada: Financial Post, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 121 Document Number: D11105
    Journal Title:
    Financial Post
    Notes:
    Via online. 5 pages., "Industry in a frenzy, trying to decode the sludge of public opinion while still getting used to the idea this is something to take seriously."

    5. Are social embeddedness associated with food risk perception under media coverage?

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Contributers:
    Zhen, Yan (author), Huang, Zu-hui (author), Wang, Yu (author), and Zhou, Jie-hong (author)
    Format:
    Online journal article
    Publication Date:
    2019-08
    Published:
    Elsevier
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 78 Document Number: D10827
    Journal Title:
    Journal of Integrative Agriculture
    Journal Title Details:
    18(8): 1804–1819
    Notes:
    16 pages., via online journal., raceability system has received wide attention in solving food safety issues, via which food information could be tracked back to producer/farmers. Consumers need to obtain this information from producers or social networks, trust in the information, and consequently assess perceived risks, especially when food scandals are exposed to the media. In this study, we introduce the social embeddedness theory to understand how consumers' social activities affect their risk perceptions on traceable food. Specifically, we investigate how risk perceptions are predicted by the interpersonal relationships, organizational level and social-level relationships. Results show that the interpersonal relationships were associated with lower levels of risk perceptions, while organizational and social relationships impacted consumer's risk perceptions at middle and higher levels, respectively. Results also show that the “ripple effect” extended to effect of risk events with negative information, however, did not exist for the group exposed to positive information. Potential food safety implications have been proposed to identify for effective risk mitigation under media coverages.

    7. Bridging the farmer, consumer gap

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Contributers:
    Forrest, Chris (author)
    Format:
    Journal article
    Publication Date:
    2017-January/February
    Published:
    USA: Henderson Communications L.L.C., Adel, Iowa.
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: D08124
    Journal Title:
    Agri Marketing
    Journal Title Details:
    55(1) : 34
    Notes:
    Features a film, License to Farm," honored by the Canadian Agri Marketing Association

    9. Can Mobile Phones build social trust? Insights from rural Kenya

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Contributers:
    Parlasca, Martin C. (author), Hermann, Daniel (author), and Mußhoff, Oliver (author)
    Format:
    Journal Article
    Publication Date:
    2020-10-01
    Published:
    International: Elsevier
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 201 Document Number: D11862
    Journal Title:
    Journal of Rural Studies
    Journal Title Details:
    79
    Notes:
    15 pages, Generalized trust, which refers to trust towards people that are not well known (Yamagishi and Yamagishi, 1994; Stolle, 2002; Uslaner, 2002; Freitag and Traunmüller, 2009), is needed for many situations of economic interaction such as daily market activities. Considering that trust acts as a lubricant for social interaction, a lack of generalized trust can severely restrict a persons reach of efficient economic exchange. Increases of generalized trust within a society thus have the potential to create large efficiency gains (Fafchamps and Minten, 2002; Fafchamps, 2006). Given the importance of trust for social interaction and various welfare dimensions, a growing body of economic, sociological, and psychological research has been devoted to examining the circumstances under which trust can thrive. A reoccurring notion in all three disciplines is that communication represents a key factor in the formation of trust (Lewicki et al., 2006; Glanville and Paxton, 2007). Ostrom et al. (1992), for example, find that communication and sanctioning in a common pool resource experiment lead to substantially more efficient outcomes. In a laboratory setting, personal communication has shown to enhance trust (Buchan et al., 2006), and is even more powerful in creating mutually benefitting exchanges than the possibility to engage in non-binding contracts (Ben-Ner and Putterman, 2009). In this paper, we analyze whether mobile phones which constitute a fundamental component of modern information and communications technologies (ICT) can help build social trust among pastoral communities in Northern Kenya.1 In most African countries, trust levels are remarkably low; out of all regions in the world, people living in sub-Sahara Africa exhibit the lowest levels of generalized trust (Mattes and Moreno, 2018). In the study region of Northern Kenya, it is particularly relevant to increase trust for several reasons. First, the relatively weak legal system jeopardizes contract enforcement, which means that any economic interaction requires substantial amounts of trust between the contract partners. This has caused a strong reliance on trust-based relationships in Northern Kenyas livestock sector (Mahmoud, 2008; Pavanello, 2010; Roba et al., 2018). Furthermore, low trust levels between ethnic tribes have also reinforced longstanding intertribal conflicts in the region, and impede solutions to share resources peacefully and effectively (Schilling et al., 2012). Lastly, the low population density and long physical distances between settlements in the region make communication over long distances difficult and therefore induce high monitoring costs. Potential benefits of enhancing trust are therefore particularly high in the context of Northern Kenya. To compensate for physical remoteness, rural communities have a high need for digital connectivity but have oftentimes suffered from poor connection and inclusion in existing networks in the past (Salemink et al., 2017). Over the last decade, however, mobile phones have become available to most pastoralists in Northern Kenya (Butt, 2015; Asaka and Smucker, 2016; Parlasca et al., 2020). A large and growing body of research has pointed out that mobile phones can help increase several paramount welfare dimensions of rural populations in sub-Saharan Africa, such as income and income equality, financial development, gender equality, or institutional quality (Aker and Mbiti, 2010; Asongu, 2015; Asongu and Nwachukwu, 2016; Rotondi et al., 2020). However, the research on the implications of mobile phones on social capital formation is much less extensive. To the best of our knowledge, the potential of mobile phones to affect trust is so far solely based on qualitative or anecdotal evidence (Molony, 2006, 2009; Overå, 2006) and lacks quantitative assessments. This paper aims to close this gap. In this study, we elicit trust levels with an incentivized experiment, namely the canonical trust game by Berg et al. (1995). Experimental sessions were conducted from July 2018 to August 2018 in 17 different villages in Turkana County, Northern Kenya, and included a total of 402 respondents. We differentiate with regard to the object of trust by measuring trust towards fellow villagers, trust towards people from a neighboring village, and trust towards city dwellers from the county capital. Past research in rural sub-Saharan Africa indicates that smallholder farmers exhibit less trust towards people from different villages (Etang, 2010; Etang et al., 2011) or people from the next larger city (Parlasca et al., 2019). The differentiation of the object of trust therefore allows investigating heterogeneous effects of mobile phone use on trust depending on the physical distance between trustor and trustee. This research adds add to the existing literature in several ways: to the extent of our knowledge, this is the first study to explore the direct link between mobile phone use and trust using quantitative household data from a low-income country. Thus far, no study has analyzed the role of geographical distance in the relationship between mobile phone use and trust. Lastly, this analysis contributes to the extremely sparse literature on trust in the context of pastoralist communities in sub-Saharan Africa. The remainder of the study is organized as follows. Section 2 lays out the conceptual framework that guides the analysis. The data are explained in section 3 and the empirical framework is presented in section 4. The results are discussed section 5, followed by concluding remarks in section 6.