Brazilian research on the press, television, cinema, children's literature, and textbooks shows that in the 1980s and 1990s there was a change in discourses about blacks, however slight and limited. Increased representation of blacks in newspapers, advertizing, literature, and the cinema involved stereotypical portrayals in which blacks are associated with criminality and the most menial tasks. These stereotypes include "mulatto girl," "samba dancer," "scoundrel," and soccer player. White people, on the other hand, continue to be presented as the norm. Media discourse denies this differential treatment.
