10 pages., Smallholder farmers in Afghanistan are already facing various risks in agricultural production due to past continuous insurgencies. Climate change is likely to amplify the risk and make them even more vulnerable. The present study attempted to evaluate the vulnerability profiles of smallholder farmers due to climate change using the IPCC Framework. Primary data on relevant parameters for assessing climate change-led social vulnerability in the region were collected by classifying study region into two zones: the plain and the hills of Yangi Qala District in Takhar province, Afghanistan. Thirteen villages from each zone were selected at random, and face-to-face interviews were conducted with ten randomly selected households in each of the selected villages in both zones based on a pre-tested questionnaire. The questionnaire contained indicators for all three dimensions of vulnerability: exposure, sensitivity and adaptive capacity. The collected data were subjected to a proposed vulnerability index, after estimating the indices of the three dimensions of vulnerability. The Iyenger and Sudershan weighting method was used to assess the contribution of each vulnerability dimension. Vulnerability was classified according to different categories based on beta distribution to evaluate the villages’ vulnerability status. The results showed that about 23% of all 26 sampled villages in both zones had low exposure, 26% moderate exposure and 51% high exposure to climate-change hazards and extreme weather events. High sensitivity was observed in 51%, moderate sensitivity in 7%, and low sensitivity in 42% of villages. High adaptive capacity to climate change was observed in 38% of villages, 19% were moderately adaptive and 42% showed a low adaptive capacity. High vulnerability was observed in 50% of villages, 4% were moderately vulnerable, and 46% had low vulnerability. A high proportion of smallholder farmers in the hilly zone in the sampled district were highly vulnerable, exposed and sensitive with a low adaptive capacity to climate change compared to the plain zone. The high vulnerability in the hilly zone was attributed to limited resources with a low adjustment capability to counter the disturbances, especially in crop cultivation, in response to climate change. A handful of low-cost and local approaches such as improving farmer extension services, introducing small-scale local infrastructure projects, reinforcing informal safety nets and protecting natural ecosystems could be viable cost-effective options that would also be sustainable given their low recurring costs and the limited maintenance required.
9 pages., via online journal, Since 2014, the Chinese government has initiated new-type urbanization under the guidance of ‘the National New-type Urbanization Plan (2014–2020)’, which embarks on a significant transformation of the model of urbanization in post-reform China. To understand the origin and outputs of this policy, this article demonstrates the context of China’s new-type urbanization. The paper proposes a conceptual framework of new-type urbanization, which mainly includes four aspects: humanism, people-oriented urbanization; inclusivism, benefits sharing for urban and rural; sustainability, development without sacrifice of resources and environment; and harmonism, coordination. This is followed by an examination of the case of Anhui province, as a pilot province of China’s new-type urbanization. Anhui has performed a lot of related work to promote citizenization of peasant workers and has made great progress on the reform of the household registration system. The study found that despite a special emphasis on people-oriented urbanization, the pressures and costs of citizenization of peasant workers are growing fast, accompanied by rising housing prices in cities. This insight suggests there are benefits and costs of promoting China’s new-type urbanization. Despite the advantages of institutional innovation, the unexpected side effects such as rapid rising housing prices actually undermine the success of plan implementation.
7 pages., via online journal article, The complexities of Melanesian customary land tenure greatly influence the adoption of community-based reforestation (CBR) in Papua New Guinea (PNG). CBR has recently become a focus for the PNG government due to declining yield from native forests which has renewed attention on developing timber plantations to augment villagers' livelihoods. In this paper, we investigate the factors which affect adoption of timber tree-growing by farmers and communities. We assess the efficacy of a policy frequently employed by non-government organisations (NGOs) in which single or multi-clan based seedling nurseries are used to encourage tree growing. A key finding is that people's need for technical assistance is subordinate to social and cultural factors, principally the need for community harmony. Farmers' motivation to plant trees is adversely influenced by uncertainties inherent in PNG's system of customary land tenure. Interventions – in this case extension assistance to grow trees – may create or exacerbate intra- and inter-clan conflict by bringing long term uncertainties into short term focus. For villagers in PNG, as in other cultures, we conclude that key enabling conditions for collective action revolve around strengthening villagers' bridging social capital in a manner which is sensitive to their longstanding social traditions. Targeted, do-it-yourself, family assistance may be as effective as attempts to encourage collective action. The implications of our findings for Forest Landscape Restoration (FLR) which envisages a participatory approach to community engagement, are that cross-community initiatives may not be feasible without extensive investment in building social capital. Initiatives targeted at families or family-groups may be most successful.
18 pages., Via online journal., The study asserts that rural villages which have developed relatively complex communication systems have extensive local knowledge and practice systems. Using the knowledge and community-based perspective, the study departs from past works of development communication scholars, who have focused their attention mainly on the transfer of information. The study is concerned with how meaning is created and shared in rural communities through the use of communication. It looks at how small homogenous farming communities in Thailand – world’s number one rice exporter – utilize communication to improve rice crop production. It asks: what roles does communication play in the formation of collective definitions (perspectives) and the construction/management of local knowledge and practices on rice farming? To explore the plausibility of this paper’s assertion, ethnographies of two rice farming villages were conducted – Baan Sap Som Boon (irrigated) in Chainat province (Central Region) and Baan Hua Hae (rainfed) in Ubon Ratchathani province (Northeast Region). Data generation period was from October 2004 to July 2005. Research results indicate that Baan Sap Som Boon has both an extensive knowledge of rice farming methods and procedures and an elaborate community-based communication system. Baan Hua Hae, on the other hand, practices more traditional means of rice production and divides time with other livelihood activities. In both villages, communication plays a central role in improving crop production via facilitating the formation of collective definitions on rice farming, labor, economics and agriculture-related institutions.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 117 Document Number: C12861
Notes:
Chapter 9 in Anjan Kumar Banerji (ed.), Communication and development. Department of Journalism and Mass Communication, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. 135 pages.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 117 Document Number: C12886
Notes:
Papers presented at the 12th Annual Convention and Conference of the Society for Information Science, Hyderabad, India, January 28-30, 1993., Chapter 8 in P.C. Bose and H.C. Jain (eds.), Information management for rural development. Shipra Publications, Delhi, India. 159 p.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 199 Document Number: D09929
Notes:
NCR-90 Collection, From Document D09924, "Department of agricultural journalism University of Wisconsin-Madison: Faculty and graduate student research, 1990". Page 6.
Dinar, Ariel (author / Research Associate, Department of Agricultural Economics and Management, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Israel; Researcher, Department of R&D Economics, Agricultural Research Organization, Bet-Dagan, Israel)
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1989-05
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 84 Document Number: C05389
AGRICOLA IND 89046598, Provision of and request for extension services are simultaneously determined by economic, social, and policy variables. This paper examines the allocation of extension services provided to settlements in terms of a demand-supply model using data from Israel. Results suggest that the amount of extension provided affects the request for extension and vice versa. Other variables influencing the amount of extension services provided and requested are structure, scale, and age of the settlement and its distance from the extension center. The role of a settlement coordinator is of great importance in determining the amount of services provided.
Ross, E. Lamar (author), Setty, E. Desingu (author), and Setty: Associate Professor, Division of Human Settlements Development, Asian Institute of Technology, Bangkok, Thailand; Ross: Assistant Professor of Anthropology, Florida International University, Miami, FL
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1987-04
Published:
UK: Richard Bates, Ltd., Manchester, UK
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07960
Rao, Leela (author / Professor, Department of Communication, Bangalore University, India) and Professor, Department of Communication, Bangalore University, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1987
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 72 Document Number: C03354
Review of "Working through the Barangay Grapevine," PCARRD Monitor, Philippine Council for Agriculture and Resources Research and Development, May 1983.
Phase II, This study presents an interpretation of the way Punjabi farmers in a village of the arid Sind perceive the pest hazard and the methods of management that they employ to deal with this situation. It is found that farmers do recognize the seriousness of the problem which consequently leads them to employ traditional as well as pesticide treatment of their crops. But because of financial handicap and other factors, they do not use pesticides regularly or in adequate quantity. As a result the control of pests remains ineffective. (original)
Bhaskaran, C. (author), Menon, A.G.G. (author), Sushama, N.P. Kumari (author), and Agricultural Extension Department, College of Agriculture, Vellayami, Kerala, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1981-06
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 98 Document Number: C08072
Binswanger, Hans P. (author) and Ryan, J.G. (author)
Format:
Conference proceedings
Publication Date:
1980
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 103 Document Number: C08880
Notes:
In V. Kumble (Ed.), Proceedings of the International Symposium on Development and Transfer of Technology for Rainfed Agriculture and the SAT farmer, 28 August - 1 September 1979 (pp. 121-129). Patancheru,Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics.
Kerry J. Byrnes Collection, International Fertilizer Development Center, Muscle Shoals, Alabama. 7 pages., The use of the Guttman-type scale of community differentiation provides a means to measure the community environment which, although lying beyond the farm, nevertheless influences the farmer's decision making.
Kempadoo, Peter L. (author / Consultant on Rural Development and Education, Guyana) and Consultant on Rural Development and Education, Guyana
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1977
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 44 Document Number: B05330
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, In: Gajendra Singh, J.H. de Goede, eds. Proceedings of the International Conference on Rural Development Technology : an Integrated Approach, June 21-24, 1977, Bangkok, Thailand. Bangkok, Thailand: Asian Institute of Technology, 1977. p. 711-724., Started spontaneously by a couple of village women cassava workers, in reaction to a social injustice that was being perpetrated in our village, the group had no other objective, at first, than wanting to solve that particular problem. The solution they worked out - a cooperative, economic one - soon attracted a large number of other villagers. Together they became the Bantu Society. Economic success and interaction within the group also made them generally aware of the social underdevelopment of their families, and this led to a wide range of socio-economic activities which now comprise a closely-integrated village development programme. (original).
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 3 Document Number: B00299
Notes:
AgComm Teaching, Paper presented at the Planning Seminar on Agriculture for Nutritional Improvement East-West Food Institute, Honolulu, Hawaii, Aug 16-17, 1976, 19p.
Madalia, V.K. (author), Patel, Y.A.S. (author), and Department of Rural Studies, South Gujarat University, Surat, India; Department of Rural Studies, South Gujarat University, Surat, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1975-08-16
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05050
Raghubanshi, C.S. (author), Swarup, R. (author), Yadava, R.P. (author), and Agro-Economic Research Centre, H.P. University, Simla, India; Agro-Economic Research Centre, H.P. University, Simla, India; Agricultural Economics, H.P. University, Simla, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1975-07
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05053
Rajaguru, G.S. (author), Venkataramaiah, P. (author), and Agricultural Extension, University of Agricultural Sciences, College of Agriculture, Dharwar, India; Department of Extension, College of Agriculture, Bhubaneswar, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1975-06-16
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05051
Quraishi, M.A. (author / Secretary, Department of Rural Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation, India) and Secretary, Department of Rural Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1975-04-16
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05048
Misra, B. (author), Rajguru, G. (author), and Department of Extension, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India; Department of Extension, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1975-03-16
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05046
Mohanto, G.C. (author), Satapathy, C. (author), and Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India; Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1975-03
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05044
Misra, B. (author), Rajguru, G. (author), and Department of Extension, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India; Department of Extension, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1975
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05038
Rangaswami, G. (author / Vice-Chancellor, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India) and Vice-Chancellor, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1975
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05040
Ganeswar, S. (author), Satapathy, C. (author), and Department of Extension Education, College of Agriculture, Bhubaneswar, India; Department of Extension Education, College of Agriculture, Bhubaneswar, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1974-05
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05088
Acharya, B.V. (author / Department of Economics, South Gujarat University, Surat, India) and Department of Economics, South Gujarat University, Surat, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1974
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05036
Malik, H.S. (author), Nandal, D.S. (author), and Department of Economics, Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar, India; Department of Economics, Haryana Agricultural University, Hissar, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1973-03-16
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05058
Saha, Nirmal Kanti (author / Socio-economic and Evaluation Branch, Department of Agriculture, West Bengal, India) and Socio-economic and Evaluation Branch, Department of Agriculture, West Bengal, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1973-02-16
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05059
Das Gupta, Debabrata (author / College of Agriculture and Social Work, Visva Bharati, India) and College of Agriculture and Social Work, Visva Bharati, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1973
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 42 Document Number: B04963
Patel, I.C. (author / Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Junagadh, Gujarat State, India) and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Junagadh, Gujarat State, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1972-09
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 44 Document Number: B05342
Joon, B.S. (author), Rana, O.P. (author), Singh, Jagdish (author), and Division of Agricultural Extension, IARI, New Delhi, India; Farm Radio Officer, AIR, New Delhi, India; Division of Agricultural Extension, IARI, New Delhi, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1972-03
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 44 Document Number: B05339
Patel, I.C. (author), Reddy, T.V. (author), and Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Junagadh, Gujarat State, India; Agricultural Extension, College of Agriculture, Junagadh, Gujarat State, India
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1972
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05094
Bhatnagar, G.S. (author), Gaikwad, V.R. (author), and Tripathi, B.L. (author)
Format:
Report
Publication Date:
1972
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05037
Notes:
Evans, cited reference; Include Table of Contents only, Ahmedabad, India : Centre for Management in Agriculture, Indian Institute of Management, 1972. 147 p.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C17033
Notes:
Pages 192-228 in Robert A. Solo and Everett M. Rogers (eds.), Inducing technological change for economic growth and development. Michigan State University Press, East Lansing. 238 pages.
Fliegel, Frederick C. (author), Kivlin, Joseph E. (author), Roy, Prodipto (author), Sen, Lalit K. (author), and Associate Professor of Sociology, Bowling Green State University, Bowling Green, OH; Head, Department of Sociology, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL; Director of Research, Council for Social Development, India International Centre, New Delhi, India; Director of Sociology, National Institute of Community Development, Hyderabad, India
Format:
Book
Publication Date:
1971
Published:
India
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 43 Document Number: B05097
Notes:
Evans, cited reference; Includes Table of Contents only, Bowling Green, OH : Bowling Green State University Press, 1971. 287 p.
