Chowdhury, Shyamal (author), Negassa, Asfaw (author), and Torero, Maximo (author)
Format:
Research report
Publication Date:
2005-10
Published:
International: International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, D.C.
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 102 Document Number: D10927
Notes:
Food Consumption and Nutrition Division Discussion Paper 195 and Markets, Trade, and Institutions Division Discussion Paper 89. 44 pages., This paper examines how market institutions can affect links between urban and rural areas with specific emphasis on goods market integration in the national context. Traditionally, development researchers and practitioners have focused either on rural market development or on urban market development without considering the interdependencies and synergies between the two. However, more than ever before, emerging local and global patterns such as the modern food value-chain led by supermarkets and food processors, rapid urbanization, changes in dietary composition, and enhanced information and communication technologies point to the need to pay close attention to the role of markets both in linking rural areas with intermediate cities and market towns and promotion of economic development and poverty reduction. This paper begins with a presentation of a conceptual framework of market integration and then identifies five major factors that increase the transfer costs that subsequently hinder market integration between rural and urban areas: information asymmetry, transaction costs, transport and communication costs, policy induced barriers, and social and noneconomic factors. Five specific cases in five developing countries are examined in this study to demonstrate the primary sources of transfer costs and the aspects of market institutions that are important to market integration and promotion of rural-urban linkages. While emerging institutions such as modern intermediaries linked to supermarkets and food processors can reduce information asymmetries between rural producers and urban consumers, existing institutions such as producers’ cooperatives can pool the risks, increase the bargaining power of small producers, reduce enforcement costs, and thereby reduce transaction costs. In addition, new types of partnerships between businesses and NGOs, and between public and private sectors, can improve infrastructure provision which, in turn, can reduce transport and communication costs. To the contrary, the presence of inappropriate policies or noneconomic factors such as those that involve social exclusion take on a negative role in linking urban and rural markets.
Australia: University of Western Australia Press, Crawley.
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C25274
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Insights about life, conditions, people and perspectives in rural Australia, as reflected in selected sayings from essays, poems, Bush songs, novels, books, advertisements, rural residents and other sources. Photographs by Richard Woldendorp, widely acclaimed for his landscape photographs.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C12695
Notes:
Pages 273-279 in Bruce R. Crouch and Shankariah Chamala (eds.), Extension education and rural development. Volume 1 - International experience in communication and innovation. John Wiley & Sons, Chichester. 371 p.
Donohue, George A. (author), Olien, Clarice N. (author), Tichenor, Phillip J. (author), and Olien: Professor and Extension Rural Sociologist, University of Minnesota; Tichenor: Professor of Journalism and Mass Communication, University of Minnesota; Donohue: Professor of Sociology, University of Minnesota
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1991
Published:
USA: St. Paul, MN : University of Minnesota, Institute of Agriculture, Forestry and Home Economics, Agricultural Experiment Station, Minnesota Extension Service
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 86 Document Number: C05618
Bubolz, Thomas A. (author), Dahlgren, Robert B. (author), and Dahlgren: Iowa cooperative Wildlife Research Unit, Iowa State University, Ames, IA; Bubolz: Department of Animal Ecology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
1985-08
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 90 Document Number: C06481
James F. Evans Collection, Adult Iowans who were members of national conservation-oriented organizations were far more politically active on hunting issues than were nonmembers. Further, only those members who read these organizations' publications were politically active. Among background variables, education and income were not associated with political activity, but males were more active than females; persons raised in small- and medium-sized town were more active than those raised on a farm or in a city; persons under 30 were the most active organization members; and persons who currently hunt were most politically active with hunting issues. Members of antihunting organizations were nearly as active as members of prohunting groups. Publications of national conservation-oriented organizations afford natural resource managers the opportunity to convey information to the group of politically active persons most likely to use such information to the manager's advantage. Finally, professional conservationists interested in promoting prohunting causes should be aware that organization members who are against hunting are as likely to be actively pursuing their beliefs as are their counterparts who are for hunting. (original)
