Dong, Youl-Mo (author / Chief of Community Development Division, Office of Rural Development, Suweon, South Korea) and Chief of Community Development Division, Office of Rural Development, Suweon, South Korea
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1977
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 44 Document Number: B05331
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, In: Gajendra Singh, J.H. de Goede, eds. Proceedings of the International Conference on Rural Development Technology : an Integrated Approach, June 21-24, 1977, Bangkok, Thailand. Bangkok, Thailand: Asian Institute of Technology, 1977. p. 725-732., Rural development can be described as an integrated approach to improve the quality of life of the people in the rural community by means of not only physical development but also human resources development with a strong policy as a national program. In order to achieve rural development effectively, it is necessary to integrate every governmental agency and institution as well as civil organizations to focus their attention on all multi-dimensional elements for rural prosperity. In this point of view, the integrated rural development program in Korea called Saemaul Undong (New Village Movement), which is first priority of the national action program, will be suitable example for a case study to those who are interested in the field. (original).
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 97 Document Number: C07882
Notes:
James F. Evans Collection, Ham, Mimeographed, 1994. 1 p. Presented at the Society for Nutrition Education, Portland, OR, July 16-20, 1994., The purpose of the project is to strengthen the capability of a local government to be responsive to the nutrition needs of the community and, on the other hand, to heighten awareness and capability of the community to demand such services. There is a need for this kind of intervention in order to balance the weakness of the bureaucracy with the flexibility and self-interest of a community-based organization, on one hand; and the wavering sustainability of the community organization with the institutional mandate of the local government, on the other. The unique characteristic of this project is the partnership between the local government and the community which is hoped to develop responsiveness and self-reliance respectively. Target groups include community's formal and informal leaders who will be given a training and hands-on exercise on nutrition program management. The use of inter-active learning approach and development communication in nutrition education is a replication of a theorized experience. Success indicator is the realization of the objectives of the project jointly planned and implemented by the community-based organization and the local government.
35 pages, Mozambique remains predominantly poor. The official statistics show that poverty incidence barely changed from 54% in 2002–03 to 55% in 2008–09, which stands way above the government's target of 45% by the year 2009. This places the country off-target to cut hunger and poverty by half by 2015, despite an annual economic growth of about 7% in the period 1994–2010. In rural areas, poverty levels have slightly increased, due to the underperformance of the agricultural sector. Extension services can have a significant impact on poverty reduction through stimulating growth in agricultural productivity. Based on a nationally representative household survey from Mozambique, this paper uses three econometric models, namely an OLS regression, the doubly robust estimator and matching and regression to estimate the economic impact of receipt of extension. The results suggest that the receipt of extension increases farm incomes by 12%. However, rather than crafting resource-poor technologies, extension services tend to target wealthier households who are relatively more likely to adopt the existing technologies. This might increase income inequality. The impact of extension, and therefore its contribution to poverty reduction, can be enhanced through several mechanisms (e.g., programme design and the number of staff).
11 pages, via online journal article, This study of Japan's electoral geography focuses on the outcomes of the 2014 General Election for the House of Representatives. It reflects on the political power of segmented policy communities involved in international free trade and domestic agricultural policy reform and the way they interact with each other. The capability of these policy communities to negotiate behind-the-scenes trade-offs, in order to facilitate reform without disrupting the status quo, is identified as a major determinant of the power structure in contemporary Japan. Also, as low-information and low-participation elections tend to result in a high rate of re-election of incumbents, the depoliticisation of the citizenry is in the interest of these policy communities. Therefore, specific policies and the differentiation among political parties played only a minor role during the 2014 electoral campaign. The paper demonstrates that the strong force of the agricultural policy community to resist transformational change is still deeply rooted in the proportional overrepresentation of agricultural interests built into the electoral system. It concludes that within the context of an increasing deficit of legitimacy and an aggravating depoliticisation trend, commitments to fundamental polity reform are integral to voters' perceptions of the fairness of Japan's democratic institutions. Significant structural reforms that embody federalist and direct democracy principles are discussed as an alternative to the unitary state model in order to seriously tackle issues of proportional misrepresentation and adequately accommodate rural interests.
