10 pages, The main objectives of this research are to assess the educational and training requirements of farmers in Al-Ta’mim governorate in the field of using and maintaining the center pivot sprinkler irrigation systems and identifying the differences between these requirements according to some independent factors. The research sample consisted of 142 farmers representing 60% of the total number of farmers who were using these systems. The data was collected through a questionnaire form and utilizing the Borich equation. After testing the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, the data acquisition commenced through personal interview, the data then were analyzed by using analysis of variance and step-wise regression analysis. The results showed that 94% of farmers require medium to high levels of education and training and that there are significant differences in these requirements according to: educational level, number of months of utilizing the system, annual income, size of holding, and communication level with information sources. Yet, there are no significant differences according to readiness to change and social norms. It is also found that the (number of months of utilizing the system) is the most contributing factor in the interpretation of the variance of the educational and training requirements.
Alison, Kathleen I. (author), Pettit, John J. (author), and Irrigation Support Project for Asia and the Near East, Arlington, VA; Irrigation Support Project for Asia and the Near East, Arlington, VA
Format:
Report
Publication Date:
1989-09
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 92 Document Number: C06690
Notes:
Kathleen I. Alison Collection, Arlington, VA : Irrigation Support Project for Asia and the Near East. 1989. 113 p. (ISPAN Report No. 15)
Alison, Kathleen I. (author), Hahn-Rollins, Dee (author), and Irrigation Support Project for Asia and the Near East, Arlington, VA; Irrigation Support Project for Asia and the Near East, Arlington, VA
Format:
Report
Publication Date:
1989-05
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 92 Document Number: C06691
Notes:
Kathleen I. Alison Collection, Arlington, VA : Irrigation Support Project for Asia and the Near East. 1989. 104 p. (ISPAN Report No. 17)
Alison, Kathleen I. (author), Edwards, Daniel B. (author), and Irrigation Support Project for Asia and the Near East, Arlington, VA; Irrigation Support Project for Asia and the Near East, Arlington, VA
Format:
Report
Publication Date:
1989-02
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 92 Document Number: C06689
Notes:
Kathleen I. Alison Collection, Arlington, VA : Irrigation Support Project for Asia and the Near East. 1989. 62 p. (ISPAN Report No. 13)
5 PAGES., Released in late 2020, the Center Pivot Fertigation Calculator is designed to help producers make more precise fertilizer applications by assisting in calculating liquid fertilizer flow rate and injection pump settings needed to fertigate through a center pivot irrigation system. The Clemson Drip Fertigation Calculator is designed to help South Carolina vegetable producers make more precise fertilizer applications through drip irrigation systems.
After producers started using the center pivot and drip fertigation calculators, Zack Snipes, assistant program leader for the Clemson Cooperative Extension Service horticulture team and area horticulture agent, noted many were beginning to ask what they should do if using a greenhouse-grade solid fertilizer and putting it into a solution. In response, Rob Last, area horticulture agent, built a spreadsheet that became the basis for the Liquid Fertilizer Solution Calculator.
“We have created a system that provides quick calculations and is really easy to use,” Last said. “Anyone who has questions about these calculators can contact me or Zack and we’ll help them.”
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 116 Document Number: C11767
Notes:
Francis C. Byrnes Collection, Section D. Proceedings of the 13th annual conference of the Association for International Agricultural and Extension Education, Arlington, Virginia, April 3-5, 1997.
Bin, Li (author), Shahzad, Muhammad (author), Khan, Hira (author), Bashir, Muhammad Mehran (author), Ullah, Arif (author), and Siddique, Muhammad (author)
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
2023-09-18
Published:
Switzerland: MDPI
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 206 Document Number: D12959
20 pages, Sustainable agriculture is a pivotal driver of a nation’s economic growth, especially considering the challenge of providing food for the world’s expanding population. Agriculture remains a cornerstone of many nations’ economies, so the need for intelligent, sustainable farming practices has never been greater. Agricultural industries worldwide require sophisticated systems that empower farmers to manage their crops efficiently, reduce water wastage, and optimize yield quality. Yearly, substantial crop losses occur due to unpredictable environmental changes, with improper irrigation practices being a leading cause. In this paper, we introduce an innovative irrigation time control system for smart farming. This system leverages fuzzy logic to regulate the timing of irrigation in cotton crop fields, effectively curbing water wastage while ensuring that crops receive neither too little nor too much water. Additionally, our system addresses a common agricultural challenge: whitefly infestations. Users can adjust climatic parameters, such as temperature and humidity, through our system, which minimizes both whitefly populations and water consumption. We have developed a portable measurement technology that includes air humidity sensors, temperature sensors, and rain sensors. These sensors interface with an Arduino platform, allowing real-time climate data collection. This collected climate data is then sent to the fuzzy logic control system, which dynamically adjusts irrigation timing in response to changing environmental conditions. Our system incorporates an algorithm that generates highly effective (IF-THEN) fuzzy logic rules, significantly improving irrigation efficiency by reducing overall irrigation duration. By automating the irrigation process and precisely delivering the right amount of water, our system eliminates the need for human intervention, rendering the agricultural system more dependable in achieving successful crop yields. Water supply commences when the environmental conditions reach specific thresholds and halts when the requisite climate conditions are met, maintaining an optimal environment for crop growth.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: KerryByrnes4; Folder: Presentations at Professional Meetings File Document Number: D01580
Notes:
Kerry J. Byrnes Collection, Observations from a cross-cutting analysis of case studies of pakistani water users associations, 26 pages.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: KerryByrnes4; Folder: Green Revolution Game File Document Number: D01648
Notes:
Kerry J. Byrnes Collection, Dept of Human Nutrition, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Player's Handbook, 6 pages.
15 pages., Online via UI e-subscription., Data from Pakistan prompt the author to suggest that underlying community characteristics and/or social interactions may be driving both the performance of water user associations and on-farm water use efficiency.
Chawkins, Steve (author) and Frazier, Deborah (author)
Format:
Book chapter
Publication Date:
1987
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C23126
Notes:
Pages 1-39 in Paul F. Nowak, Christopher C. Hamilton, Lisa V. Bardwell and Amy B. Kuras (eds.), Environmental journalism: the best from the Meeman Archive. 265 pages., Series published in the Rocky Mountain News, Denver, Colorado.
Chiotti, Quentin (author), Johnston, Tom (author), Smit, Barry (author), and Ebel, Bernd (author)
Format:
Book chapter
Publication Date:
1997
Published:
Canada
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: D02285
Notes:
Pages 201-218 in Brian Ilbery, Quentin Chiotti and Timothy Rickard (eds.) Agricultural restructuring and sustainability: a geographical perspective. CAB International, Oxon, UK. 348 pages.
10 pages., Via online journal., The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors influencing people's participation in the exploitation of water resources for agriculture. The population consists of experts with a B.A. and higher degree employed in various sectors of Agriculture Organization, Water Organization and Research Center of Urmia city. The sample was randomly selected, and the sample size was determined through Kerjice and Morgan table to be 196. This is an applied field study. The survey tool is a structured questionnaire with close-ended question and its validity and reliability is confirmed by experienced professors, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient which indicates the validity of the questionnaire is calculated to be 0.834. The results show that there is a significant relationship among the administrative, social, cultural, educational, economic, ecological, technical, structural and political factors and the importance of people's participation in the exploitation of water resources for agriculture. The results of multiple regression showed that the independent variables explained 66 percent of the dependent variable variance. According to finding in this research these recommendation comments: Improvement and shortening of water transfer networks in order to speed up the transfer of water and reduction of water loss. Government financial support in the agricultural-industrial sector in order to use new technologies. Preventing economic, social, environmental and political losses due to Urmia Lake drying. Maintaining the diversity of plants and crops through water management and environmental management and environmental ethics. The role of mass media such as radio and television, the use of other channels of communication in highlighting the importance of optimal water consumption. Government support for farmers to renew or launch pipeline for farms and gardens to prevent water losses, as well as supporting new irrigation methods and repairing old transmission lines. Increasing cooperation between people and society and even the state regarding participation in the optimal use of water resources.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C21100
Notes:
Pages 89-95 in Innovation and development: policies, concepts and cases for agriculture and forestry in international cooperation. Wissenschaftsverlag Vauk Kiel KG. 212 pages.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 196 Document Number: D08065
Notes:
John L. Woods Collection, Report of a national survey in support of the GreenCOMM Egypt III project supported by the U. S. Agency for International Development in collaboration with the Ministry of Public Works and Water Resources, Egypt. 144 pages. See GreenCOMM Egypt III Project file (Document D08064).
Freeman, David M. (author) and Lowdermilk, Max (author)
Format:
Book chapter
Publication Date:
1985
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C14426
Notes:
Published for the World Bank, Washington, D.C., Chapter 4 in Michael M. Cernea (ed.), Putting people first: sociological variables in rural development. Oxford University Press, New York/London. 430 pages.
11 pages., Online via journal by open access., Outlined a transdisciplinary research approach to issues of justice and equity in a real-life social conflict concerning the allocation of water for irrigation farming.
Gutiérrez-Castorena, Edgar Vladimir (author), Ortiz-Solorio, C.A (author), Gutiérrez-Castorena, M.C. (author), Cajuste-Bontemps, L. (author), and Rocha-Aguilar, M. (author)
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
2008-10
Published:
Mexico
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 158 Document Number: D07600
Halbrendt, Jacqueline (author), Gray, Steven A. (author), Crow, Susan (author), Radovich, Theodore (author), Kimura, Aya H. (author), and Tamang, Bir Bahadur (author)
Format:
Journal article abstract
Publication Date:
2014-09
Published:
Nepal
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 138 Document Number: D05707
Hanjra, Munir A. (author), Noble, Andrew (author), Langan, Simon (author), and Lautze, Jonathan (author)
Format:
Book chapter
Publication Date:
2017
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: D08785
Notes:
Pages 15-40 in Gordon, Iain J. Prins, Herbert H.T. Squire, Geoff R. (eds.), Food production and nature conservation: conflicts and solutions. United Kingdom: Routledge, London. 348 pages.
5 pages, We developed an Excel-based computational template Extension educators can use to assist clientele with scheduling irrigation for efficient use of water. With the template, the user applies the dual crop coefficient method to calculate evaporation and transpiration rates separately, with the result being more accurate soil water tracking as compared to what occurs when a single crop coefficient is used. Crop water needs can be conveniently calculated on the basis of soil characteristics, crop growth stages, and weather information. Application examples demonstrate that the amount and frequency of irrigation should be adjusted according to soil texture. The template and application examples are available to Extension professionals as electronic supplementary material.
Huang, Pei-wen (author) and Lamm, Alexa J. (author)
Format:
Research report
Publication Date:
2016-08
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 161 Document Number: D07890
Notes:
Center for Public Issue Education in Agriculture and Natural Resources, IFAS, University of Florida, Gainesville. Engaging high water users in water conservation #3. Publication AEC 595. 5 pages.
International Press Institute (author) and International Press Institute
Format:
Letter
Publication Date:
1999-08-10
Published:
Indonesia
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 152 Document Number: C24729
Notes:
Retrieved September 16, 2006, 2 pages., Letter from the Institute to the Indonesian president condemning the murder of a journalist who had been investigating corruption activities involving an agricultural project for small farmers. Invites investigation and disclosure of findings.
Johnson, Fiona (author) and Linehan, Chris (author)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
2001-10-05
Published:
Australia
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 119 Document Number: C13505
Notes:
7 p., APEN (Australasia Pacific Extension Network) 2001 International Conference, Oct3-5, 2001, at University of South queensland, Toowoomba, Queensland, Australia
Kamran, M. (author), Anjum, M. (author), Rehman, M. (author), Kamran, M. Asif (author), Saleemi, F. (author), and Department of Computer Science, Virtual University of Pakistan, Lahore, Pakistan
Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
Nuclear Institute for Agriculture and Biology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
2016-03
Published:
Pakistan: Asianet-Pakistan
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 164 Document Number: D08242
7pgs, Aerial images taken during the growing seasons of 2009, 2011, 2013, 2015, and 2017 were visually inspected for evidence of irrigation. Center pivot irrigation was identified by the characteristic shape of the spans and the curved tracks left by the wheels. The author manually delineated a polygon over each agricultural area where signs of irrigation infrastructure were observed. The result is a map of 2,689 polygons covering 146,662 acres in South Carolina. Compared with the United States Department of Agriculture 2017 Census of Agriculture, the sampling results account for over 69% of total irrigated area and over 98% of area irrigated solely by center pivots. Most center pivots covered from 25 to 75 acres, while the largest center pivot extended over 300 acres. These results are an important contribution to the quantification of water use in South Carolina.
Knuth, Melinda (author), Behe, Bridget K. (author), Hall, Charles R. (author), Huddleston, Patricia (author), Fernandez, R. (author), and Texas A&M University
Michigan State University
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
2018-02
Published:
United States: American Society for Horticultural Science
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 11 Document Number: D10339
9 pages., Via online journal., Water is becoming scarcer as world population increases and will be allocated among competing uses. Some of that water will go toward sustaining human life, but some will be needed to install and support landscape plants. Thus, future water resource availability may literally change the American landscape. Recent research suggests that consumers’ attitudes and behavior toward potable water supplies have changed in other countries because of greater social awareness and increasingly widespread exposure to drought conditions. We conducted an online survey of 1543 U.S. consumers to assess their perceptions about landscape plants, the water source used to produce them, and plant water needs to become established in the landscape. Using two separate conjoint designs, we assessed their perceptions of both herbaceous and woody perennials. Consumers placed greater relative importance on water source in production over water use in the landscape for both herbaceous and woody perennials included in this study. They preferred (had a higher utility score for) fresh water over recycled water and least preferred a blend of fresh with recycled water for perennials and recycled water used for woody perennial production. In addition, the group that did not perceive a drought but experienced one placed a higher value (higher utility score) on nursery plants grown with fresh water compared with those which were actually not in drought and did not perceive one. Educational and promotional efforts may improve the perception of recycled water to increase the utility of that resource. Promoting the benefits of low water use plants in the landscape may also facilitate plant sales in times of adequate and low water periods.
Korten, F.F. (author) and Bagadion, Benjamin U. (author)
Format:
Book chapter
Publication Date:
1985
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C14425
Notes:
Published for the World Bank, Washington, D.C., Chapter 3 in Michael M. Cernea (ed.), Putting people first: sociological variables in rural development. Oxford University Press, New York/London. 430 pages.
The three sources that best discriminate adoption behavior of irrigators are private agricultural consulting firms, university research stations and trade magazines.
Lamm, Alexa J. (author), Lundy, Lisa K. (author), Warner, Laura (author), and Lamm, Kevan W. (author)
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
2016-02
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 162 Document Number: D08132
Notes:
Research paper presented in the Agricultural Communications Section, Southern Association of Agricultural Scientists (SAAS), in San Antonio,Texas, February 7-8,2016. 24 pages.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 132 Document Number: C20077
Notes:
10 pages; from "Extending Extension; beyond traditional boundaries, methods and ways of thinking", APEN 2003 Forum, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia, November 26-28, 2003
Via Food Safety Network. 2 pages., Describes a program designed to encourage farmers to take "positive approaches to help protect the environment and keep peace with their neighbors."
36 pages., via online journal., This article examines the challenges facing agriculture in Africa. First the article outlines agriculture’s connection with overall economic growth; then, the author evaluates agricultural productivity and food security in Africa in 2010. From this point, the author evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of seven paths that African agriculture is likely to evolve along between now and 2050: five for Sub-Saharan African and two for North Africa. In Sub-Saharan Africa, the types of farming proposed are: extensive, mechanized; intensive export; intensive peri-urban; subsistence; and reserves, game ranching, and tourism. In North Africa, the author proposes: irrigated and rainfed. In order to realize the most positive benefits of these paths in 2050, Africa has to tackle six challenges, outlined by the author: reducing population growth, promoting irrigation, adapting the role of the state, promoting the acceleration of technical change (including fertilizer and biotechnology), and preparing for climate change. Increasing the competitiveness of Africa’s commercial farming will improve income, inequality, and nutrition across the continent.
8 pages, via online journal, Dense networks of rivers, canals, ditches, dikes, sluice gates, and compartmented fields have enabled the farms of the Red River Delta to produce 18% of Vietnam's rice (Oryza sativa) crop (figure 1), 26% of the country's vegetable crops, and 20% of capture and farmed aquaculture (Redfern et al. 2012). Agriculture in this fertile delta was transformed in the 11th and 13th century AD by large-scale hydraulic projects to protect the delta from flooding and saltwater intrusion, and provide field drainage during the wet season and crop irrigation in the dry season (Tinh 1999). The 20th century brought advancements in agricultural science globally—new crops and livestock genetics, inorganic fertilizers, mechanization, and pesticides that could double and triple food production per unit of land. It was the diesel pump combined with post-Vietnam War agricultural collectivization from 1975 to 1988 that brought the Green Revolution to the Red River Delta.
16 pages, The study examined the factors that drive decisions to adopt and use irrigation technologies among smallholder farmers in Machakos County, Kenya. Data were collected from a sample of 300 smallholder farmers. Cross-sectional survey design, a multistage sampling procedure and random sampling method were employed. Percentages, means and econometric analysis were used in data analysis. Results showed that, 31.7% of the respondents practiced irrigation. Sex of household head, education, farm size, off-farm income, credit accessed and access to extension services positively influenced adoption of irrigation technologies. Adoption intensity was positively influenced by gender, off-farm income, farming experience, primary occupation and extension services. As a result, it is suggested that while formulating development strategies and programs for smallholder farmers, agricultural extension organizations should give priority to these factors.
Niehoff, Arthur H. (author) and Anderson, J. Charnel (author)
Format:
Bibliography
Publication Date:
1960
Published:
International: George Washington University, Alexandria, Virginia
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: Byrnes5 Document Number: C12472
Notes:
Francis C. Byrnes Collection, Human Resources Research office, a nongovernmental agency of George Washington University. 30 p., Annotated bibliography of development-related case histories, by country.
O'Gorman, Melanie (author / University of Toronto) and Centre for the Study of African Economics, Oxford, UK
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
2006-07-20
Published:
United Kingdom
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C28215
Notes:
Posted online at http://www.csae.ox.ac.uk/conferences/2007-EDiA-LaWBiDC/papers/295-OGorman.pdf, Presented at the "Economic development in Africa" conference from March 18-20, 2007 at Oxford University.
