Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C14021
Notes:
Pages 227-240 in S. R. Melkote and Sandhya Rao, Critical issues in communication: looking inward for answers. Sage Publications, New Delhi, India. 491 pages.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C14110
Notes:
First published in Africa Media Review, 1, 1987., Chapter 7 in Charles Okigbo (ed.), Development Communication Principles. African Council for Communication Education, Nairobi, Kenya. 365 pages.
traditional knowledge, Evans, cited reference, This review of the discussions of a workshop analysis indigenous technical knowledge (IDK) , examines its potential for rule development, and outlines implications that issues. ITK is compared with institutionally organized science and technology. It can be seen in terms of stock in process: a rich, but underutilize stock of knowledge; and potential of processes through which knowledge can be generated, a simulated, and transmitted. Implications include the use of new methods for eliciting ITK, changes in the values and reward systems professionals and officials concerned with rule development, and the need for further research and analysis.
traditional knowledge, Evans, cited reference, Although inter-cropping (IC) is widely practiced in rank that practical small -- scale agricultural and agricultural research scientist have not systematically explored. The rationale for and have rarely attempted to improve it. Instead, they have concentrated on planting crops computer stands an extension advice has been to replace. IC with peer strands. This has reduced the impact of the research and extension activities. A review of East Africa experience from the 1930s, considers reasons for the research concentration on Pier stand planting and reveals two phases one formal experiments on IC were carried out. Despite generally favorable results, neither of these lead to, including IC an extension, advised to farmers. IC can contribute to one more of five, and objectives of small-scale farmers, but the standard design of agronomic experiments at best of takes account of only one of these, so that benefits are underestimated the erroneous policy conclusions drawn the paper advocates, enter alia, bolted disciplinary research for small-scale agriculture and active participation by farmers themselves.
traditional knowledge, Evans, cited reference, This paper focuses on the environmental knowledge of farming communities in Africa. How can the researcher investigate such knowledge? How could be used in rule development processes? The scope in limitation of farmers, knowledge concerning agricultural pests is illustrated in the case study. The process of knowledge formation is a consequence of the kinds of observation, the former is able to make. Inaccuraacies may stem from observational limitations. On the other hand, the farmers own point of view reflects dimensions of experience of which the research or extension agent may be unaware. These dimensions may be vital to the success or failure of rural development schemes, and should be systematically incorporated into research and development process. This in itself implies new approaches to eliciting information, which hand over the initiative and interviews to respond reportory credit analysis is discussed as an example of a relevant methodology.
