Coggins, Sam (author), McCampbell, Mariette (author), Sharma, Akriti (author), Sharma, Rama (author), Haefele, Stephen (author), Karki, Emma (author), Hetherington, Jack (author), Smith, Jeremy (author), and Brown, Brendan (author)
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
2022-03-01
Published:
United States: Elsevier
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 204 Document Number: D12486
10 pages, Digital extension tools (DETs) include phone calls, WhatsApp groups and specialised smartphone applications used for agricultural knowledge brokering. We researched processes through which DETs have (and have not) been used by farmers and other extension actors in low- and middle-income countries. We interviewed 40 DET developers across 21 countries and 101 DET users in Bihar, India. We found DET use is commonly constrained by fifteen pitfalls (unawareness of DET, inaccessible device, inaccessible electricity, inaccessible mobile network, insensitive to digital illiteracy, insensitive to illiteracy, unfamiliar language, slow to access, hard to interpret, unengaging, insensitive to user's knowledge, insensitive to priorities, insensitive to socio-economic constraints, irrelevant to farm, distrust). These pitfalls partially explain why women, less educated and less wealthy farmers often use DETs less, as well as why user-driven DETs (e.g. phone calls and chat apps) are often used more than externally-driven DETs (e.g. specialised smartphone apps). Our second key finding was that users often made - not just found - DETs useful for themselves and others. This suggests the word ‘appropriation’ conceptualises DET use more accurately and helpfully than the word ‘adoption’. Our final key finding was that developers and users advocated almost ubiquitously for involving desired users in DET provision. We synthesise these findings in a one-page framework to help funders and developers facilitate more useable, useful and positively impactful DETs. Overall, we conclude developers increase DET use by recognizing users as fellow developers – either through collaborative design or by designing adaptable DETs that create room for user innovation.
USA: Washington, D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 53 Document Number: C00806
Notes:
AgComm Teaching, see ID #C00802, In Popular Reporting of Agricultural Science: Strategies for Improvement, Proceedings of the National Agricultural Science Information Conference held at the Scheman Continuing Education Building, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, October 22-26, 1979 (pp. 41-43).
USA: Washington, D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 53 Document Number: C00807
Notes:
AgComm Teaching, see ID #C00802, In Popular Reporting of Agricultural Science: Strategies for Improvement, Proceedings of the National Agricultural Science Information Conference held at the Scheman Continuing Education Building, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, October 22-26, 1979 (pp. 44-47).
USA: Washington, D.C. : U.S. Government Printing Office
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 53 Document Number: C00808
Notes:
AgComm Teaching, see ID #C00802, In Popular Reporting of Agricultural Science: Strategies for Improvement, Proceedings of the National Agricultural Science Information Conference held at the Scheman Continuing Education Building, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, October 22-26, 1979 (pp. 48-50).
Frank, E. (author / Texas A & M University) and Texas A & M University
Format:
Conference paper
Publication Date:
1996
Published:
USA
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 103 Document Number: C08829
Notes:
The 93rd annual meeting of the Southern Association of Agricultural Scientists --Communications Section. Greensboro, North Carolina. February 4-7, 1996; p. 19-20
Page 77 in Extension Service Circular 544, Review of Extension Research, January through December 1961, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. Summary of Federal Extension Service, ER&T-77, U.S.Department of Agriculture, Washington, D.C. 1962. 3 pages.
