26 pages., via online journal., This paper employs the patent data of four major genetically modified (GM) crops, soybeans, cotton, maize and rapeseed, to illustratee how the innovation of GM crop technology diffused and distributed globally over time. Data collected from the Derwent Innovation Index, were employed to construct country patent citation networks, from 1984 to 2015, and the results revealed that developed countries were early adopters, and the primary actors in the innovation of GM crop technology. Only seven developing countries appeared in the country citation network. Most developed countries were reluctant to apply GM crop technology for commercial cultivation. Private businesses stood out in the patent citation network. The early adoption and better performance of developed countries can be explained by the activities of large established private companies.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C19677
Notes:
Pages 151-175 in Steven Wolf and David Zilberman (eds.), Knowledge generation and technical change: institutional innovation in agriculture. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston, Massachusetts. 371 pages.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 159 Document Number: C25906
Notes:
Report of a session, "Science versus business - a clash of cultures," at the 5th World Congress of Science Journalists in Melbourne, Australia, on April 16-20, 2007. 1 page.
