African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
257 p., Chronicles the lived experience of race relations in northern coastal Peru during the colonial era. Rachel Sarah O'Toole examines the construction of a casta (caste) system under the Spanish government, and how this system was negotiated and employed by Andeans and Africans.
Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1953-1958.
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
2 v., "It includes what is probably the most reliable version of the Laws of Burgos in print (the comparable text of the New Laws appears, however, only in fragmentary form). It fills lacunae in the details of imperial policies for encomienda, native labor, slavery, cacicazgos, and ethnosocial relationships, especially of the latter sixteenth century." --Charles Gibson (JSTOR)
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
282 p., Prior tO 1640, When the Regular Slave Trade to New Spain ended, colonial Mexico was the second largest importer of slaves in the Americas. Even so, slavery never supplanted indigenous labor in the colony, and by the second half of the 17th century there were more free Afromexicans than slaves in Mexico.
Argues that free African and African-descended women participated in Spain's colonization of the Caribbean to a degree that has not been fully recognized. Regularly described as vecinas (heads of household) and as spouses to Iberian men in key port cities, free women of color played active roles in the formation and maintenance of Spanish Caribbean society during the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, not as peripheral or marginalized figures, but as non-elite insiders who pursued their own best interests and those of their families and associates.
Fradera,Josep Maria (Editor) and Schmidt-Nowara,Christopher (Editor)
Format:
Book, Edited
Publication Date:
2013
Published:
New York: Berghahn Books
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
340 p, African slavery was pervasive in Spain's Atlantic empire yet remained in the margins of the imperial economy until the end of the eighteenth century when the plantation revolution in the Caribbean colonies put the slave traffic and the plantation at the center of colonial exploitation and conflict. The international group of scholars brought together in this volume explain Spain's role as a colonial pioneer in the Atlantic world and its latecomer status as a slave-trading, plantation-based empire.
One way the Spanish used to make money like the British in New York was to rent slaves which was called Half Slavery to Freedom. In New York, the master would allow the slave to be free as long as the slave paid a yearly fee to the master. In the Spanish possessions, a slave master would rent his slaves to people who had need of their labor. This means the master did not have to be accountable, or responsible for the upkeep of the slave or the actions of the slave. Either way it was dehumanizing for the slave.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
433 p., Based on Spanish and Maya language documents from the 16th through 19th centuries, examines the lives of black African slaves and others of African descent, exploring topics such as slavery and freedom, militia service, family life, witchcraft, and other ways in which Afro-Yucantecans interacted with Mayas and Spaniards.
