I do know that racial identity is important and perceived differently there. For example, people who consider themselves black or African American in the U.S. would not automatically be considered black or African Brazilian in Brazil. People who have brown or lighter skin complexions in Brazil are mulattos, morenos, or some other nonblack color category. Approximately half of Brazil's 150 million people are classified as mulatto or black. "Pe na cozinha" means "Foot in the kitchen" and "mulatinho" means "little mulatto." "Foot in the kitchen" refers to someone normally seen as white acknowledging his African ancestry because the kitchen is the kitchen of slavery in which blacks served white in all aspects of life.
Brazil's 2009 National Household Survey provides information on a representative sample of 121,708 households and includes items that enable us to identify households that experience 'moderate' and 'severe' degrees of food insecurity. The findings support the hypothesis that, other things being equal, Afro-Brazilians experience higher rates of food insecurity compared to whites. The odds of moderate and severe food insecurity are, respectively, 31 percent and 45 percent higher among brown compared to white households. Among black households, the odds of moderate and severe food insecurity are 50 percent and 73 percent higher, respectively, compared to households headed by a person who declares themselves white.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
183 p., Explores how the Centro Cultural Orùnmilá [Orùnmilá Cultural Center] struggles for the substantive valuing of Afro-Brazilian culture and knowledge as a means to address contemporary racial inequality. Located in the city of Ribeirão Preto, in the interior of the state of São Paulo, Brazil, the Orùnmilá Center's cultural work and politics mobilizes a critical historical perspective and AfroBrazilian forms of embodied knowledge and learning as key sites and sources for the struggle to decolonize social relations and achieve racial equality.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
Originally published in Portuguese in Campinas by Editora da Unicamp as A formação do Candomblé: História e ritual da nação jeje na Bahia, 2006., 398 p., Interweaving three centuries of transatlantic religious and social history with historical and present-day ethnography, Luis Nicolau Pares traces the formation of Candomble, one of the most influential African-derived religious forms in the African diaspora, with practitioners today centered in Brazil but also living in Europe and elsewhere in the Americas.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
951 p., Story of an elderly African, blind and dying, traveling from Africa to Brazil in search of the lost son for decades. Along the journey, she will tell her life, marked by killings, rape, violence and slavery. Set in an important historical context in the formation of the Brazilian people and narrated in a way in which the historical facts are immersed in daily life and in the lives of the characters.
França,Edson (Editor), Ruy,José Carlos (Editor), and Vieira,Manoel Julião (Editor)
Format:
Book, Edited
Language:
Portuguese
Publication Date:
2007
Published:
São Paulo: Editora e Livraria Anita Garibaldi
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
158 p., Contents: Prefácio/ Manoel Julião Vieira-- Uma história de luta contra o racismo UNEGRO-- Poemas/ Solano Trindades-- Olhar panorámico sobre o movimento negro brasileiro/ Edson França-- O marxismo e a questão colonial e racial/ Augusto Buonicore-- Há racismo no Brasil Algumas características do preconceito racial brasileiro José Carlos Ruy-- Raças, genes e história Verõnica Bercht --População e miscigenação no Brasil; Clóvis Moura-- Mulher negra: os avanços são ingáveis / Estela Maris Cardoso-- Ambivalências raciais/ Dennis de Oliveira-- A luta contro o racismo é parte integrante do projeto de emancipação nacional e social: documetos da Luta Anti-Racista.
