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2. Black labor migration in caribbean guatemala, 1882-1923
- Collection:
- Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
- Contributers:
- Opie,Frederick Douglass (Author)
- Format:
- Book, Whole
- Publication Date:
- 2012
- Published:
- Gainesville: University Pr Of Florida
- Location:
- African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Notes:
- 145 p, The Guatemalan government sought to build an extensive railroad system in the 1880s, and actively recruited foreign labor. For poor workers of African descent, immigrating to Guatemala was seen as an opportunity to improve their lives and escape from the racism of the Jim Crow U.S. South and the French and British colonial Caribbean. Using primary and secondary sources as well as ethnographic data, Opie details the struggles of these workers who were ultimately inspired to organize by the ideas of Marcus Garvey. Regularly suffering class- and race-based attacks and persecution, black laborers frequently met such attacks with resistance. Their leverage--being able to shut down the railroad--was crucially important to the revolutionary movements in 1897 and 1920.
3. Freedom on the border: the Seminole Maroons in Florida: the Indian territory--Coahuila and Texas
- Collection:
- Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
- Contributers:
- Mulroy,Kevin (Author)
- Format:
- Book, Whole
- Publication Date:
- 1993
- Published:
- Lubbock, TX: Texas Tech University Press
- Location:
- African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
- Notes:
- 246 p., Under the brilliant leadership of the charismatic John Horse, a band of black runaways, in alliance with Seminole Indians under Wild Cat, migrated from the Indian Territory to northern Mexico in the mid-nineteenth century to escape from slavery. These maroons subsequently provided soldiers for Mexico's frontier defense and later served the United States Army as the renowned Seminole Negro Indian Scouts. This is the story of the maroons' ethnogenesis in Florida, their removal to the West, their role in the Texas Indian Wars, and the fate of their long quest for freedom and self-determination along both sides of the Rio Grande. Their tale is a rich and colorful one, and one of epic proportions, stretching from the swamps of the Southeast to the desert Southwest. The maroons' history of African origins, plantation slavery, European and Indian associations, Florida wars, and forced removal culminated in a Mexican borderlands mosaic incorporating slave hunters, corrupt Indian agents, Texas filibusters, Mexican revolutionaries, French invaders, Apache and Comanche raiders, frontier outlaws and lawmen, and Buffalo Soldiers.