Guided by the theme 'Jamaican Women Shaping Our Culture' the occasion was marked by a display of colourful and lively performances from guest performers and the 13 parish queens. The contestants, all queens in their own right, made the first of three appearances in long dresses, depicting aspects of their individual parishes. Before they made their entrance, a moat door was lowered unto the recreated courtyard of one of Jamaica's premier historical sites, Fort Charles.' and through the door they emerged, to tumultuous applause from a partisan audience.
Last Wednesday (August 25) politicians, friends and family came out to Toronto's west end to celebrate the official unveiling of the 'Jean Augustine Park'. In paying tribute to Dr Augustine, deputy mayor, Joe Pantalone, and councillor, Mark Grimes, reminded the audience that during her tenure in the House of Commons, Dr Augustine was instrumental in getting funding from the Federal Government and making a reality the Toronto Linear Park System, in particular the Mimico Linear Trail, which is adjacent to the new Jean Augustine Park. This year Augustine became the first Grenada-born person to receive Canada's highest national honour. She was among the 57 Canadians named by Governor General Michaelle Jean to receive the Order of Canada - the country's highest civilian award.
Rise Up channels the spirit of the elders with cameos by Fred Locks, Sly Dunbar. Robbie Shakespeare, Lee 'Scratch' Perry, Toots Hibberts and Brushy One String among others. Industry stalwarts like producers Mikey Bennett and Carlo Less are among those narrating the story which highlights the unique musical quality of Jamaicans.
August 17 marked the 123rd year of PanAfrican leader Marcus Garvey's birth. It is also 35 years since Burning Spear recorded 'Marcus Garvey', one of the seminal albums of popular music. [Spear] agreed, and in a matter of weeks, he and back-up singers Rupert Wellington and Delroy Hines were at Randy's studio in downtown Kingston, where [Ruby] had assembled several of Jamaica's top musicians to record a passionate homage to the country's first national hero.
"The voice of Miss Lou, the honourable [Louise Bennett-Coverley], helped to shape the psyche of the resilient people in Jamaica. People are conscious of the diverse roots of our heritage, but mindful that the African presence was as valued as any other. And people must come to realise that the linguistic roots of that melding of cultures in Jamaica, our patwa, however we write it or spell it, is a worthy and necessary instrument of self expression". "She [Miss Lou] made me understand what it really means to be a Jamaican and how to appreciate and embrace all the various facets of our culture and heritage... No longer is it shameful to express the way we feel in the true Jamaican way... There that you cannot translate into english to give the same impact. Miss Lou made it OK not to nice it up".
Prime Minister Baldwin Spencer on Saturday. August 1 urged citizens to ensure that the horrible and dehumanising system of slavery is never allowed to happen again while encouraging closerunity between the Caribbean Community (CARICOM) and Africa. "Therefore celebrating our Emancipation should inspire us to unite as citistens of the Caribbean to ensure that we never allow ourselves to be subjected to any form of slavery^'Spencer said in a message marking the 175th anniversary of the end of slavery.
"The initiative increases the visibility and presence of Black, African and Caribbean queers in Canada," says Akim Ade Larcher, Founder of Stop Murder Music (Canada) "It's the first of its kind in Canada and I'm proud to announce it during Black history month."
"We're all big men, it won't affect our performance. We have to get on with it. It's not a case of what I've said upsetting the team," [Chris Gayle] said. "I am definitely not giving up the captaincy after this Test match. I think I still have a big part to play in West Indies cricket," Gayle said. "It takes a toll on your body and your mental strength. It can drain you a bit," said Gayle, whom the Guardian quoted on Tuesday as saying he preferred Twenty20 cricket to Test cricket.
I thought that when we played against the last teams in the (Caribbean) final leg, those teams gave us an idea of what is to come in the CONCACAF final in terms of the physical characteristic of those players. I think that they will be a lot more explosive and also stronger than the Caribbean teams," said [Donovan Duckie]. "This will help us to enhance the develop - ment of our physical condition to be very competitive against them. It will also help us in our injury rehabilitation and to prevent injuries and also to develop specific explosiveness with more resistance training."
The annual cultural gala featured presentations of City Council proclamations to several persons of Jamaican heritage who have achieved success in various fields. Tribute paid to the national heroes who started the march for freedom and independence, as well as the heroics of the athletes at the Games of the 29th Olympiad in Beijing, China.
"The purpose of the International Black Summit is to provide an opportunity for participants to bring into being their vision for the black community and the world," Christian said.
Three local non-profit groups, the African Caribbean Council on HIV/AIDS in Ontario (ACCHO), the Black Coalition for AIDS Prevention (Black CAP), and Women's Health in Women's Hands Community Health Centre (WHIWH) hosted an event called Black Queer Resistance: "Are We Unified in the Fight Against Homophobia?" during Pride Week in Toronto, Canada.
Jamaican [James Beckford], a two-time World Championship medallist, posted a long jump victory at 8.09 metres, while Trinidad and Tobago's Ato Modibo and the U.S. Virgin Islands' Láveme Jones logged victories on the track. Jones clocked a wind-assisted 22.67 seconds to land the women's 200 metres, chased by American Wyllesheia Myrick (23.05) and Britain's Emily Freeman (23.15). In the women's 400 metres, Guyana's 2002 Commonwealth Games champion Aliann Pompey clocked 52.41 seconds for the runner-up spot behind Ireland's Joanne Cuddihy (52.26).
Launch of Caribbean Culture Week on January 18 at Savacou Gallery, NYC. Loris Crawford is Director of the Savacou Gallery, which hosted Caribbean Culture Week.
-, Participants in this first year of Caribbean Culture week include educational institutions - Little Flower Day Care and Preparatory School and Nazareth Regional High School in Brooklyn as well as Munroe College in New Rochelle which will host special programs. From the culinary arena, Blue Mahoe Restaurant in Manhattan, Caribbean Island and Gabrielle's restaurants in the Bronx, Clippers Restaurant in Queens and Royal Caribbean Bakery in Mount Vernon stepped forward to take up the mantle by offering special pricing for the week and hosting receptions. CCW receptions will also be hosted by The Caribbean Cultural Centre and Savacou Gallery in Manhattan and Clinton Hill Simply Art and Framing Gallery and Caribbean American Weekly newspaper in Brooklyn, which will also host fine art exhibits during the week. Look out for authors and spoken word artists celebrating the literary arts of the region at each of the receptions mentioned.
Jamaicans across the United States will commemorate the island's 45th anniversary of Independence with a variety of activities. The national theme of this year's celebration is, "Unity, Peace and Justice... The Pillars of a Strong Nation." This year also marks the 169th anniversary of Jamaica's emancipation from slavery and this major milestone is also part of this year's celebrations.
Through these public outreach efforts, Boggis was able to engage Milford leaders in the project, resulting in their designating a city park as the [Harriet E. Wilson] Adams Wilson Memorial Site. Ms. Boggis was able to further increase public awareness and gain support from the community for the commission of a life-size sculpture of Harriet Wilson and on November 6, 2006 in a celebration hosted by actress and civil right activist, [Ruby Dee], the project unveiled the Wilson memorial statue which is the only public sculpture honouring a person of colour in the State of New Hampshire.
Now, after coming to Howard as a freshman and Capstone scholar in 2005, he is not only playing chess, which is said to be one of the most popular games in the world, but is President of the Howard University Chess Club since 2006. [Samuel Peter Francis] considers himself a critical thinker, an aspect of his personality that he feels attributes greatly to his successes, thus far, as president of the University Chess Club. Chess, in fact, is advocated as a way of enhancing mental prowess! Meanwhile, this young man who was the unrated chess champion of Howard University (HU) in 2006, was selected to the HU Dean's list and also to the National Dean's List of US Colleges and Universities in 2006. With his excellence in the game of chess, his absorption in scientific matters and his penchant for being clear and concise in his undertakings, Samuel could be expected to be a rather scholarly, 'nerdy' individual. Not so! He is full of life and laughter - a very pleasant, friendly Caribbean person.
Representatives of several major Jamaican corporations, primarily representing companies in the food distribution and financial services sectors, will also be participating in and co-sponsoring the event. This year's conference will be held under the theme: "The Jamaican Diaspora: Unleashing the Potential".
When Tappa Zukie asked "People are you ready?" They chorused "Blow! Oh Lord!". Two of the Tamlins came out in locks-shaking, dancing fashion, settling to sing harmony on How I Wish It Would Rain to the third member's lead vocals. With a cry of "non-stop!" they went from Go Away Dream to Ting A Ling, Wildflower among the ending slow songs. Admiral Bailey brought up intermission with a crowd-pleasing mixture of humour, 'Delia move' and 'Samurai' dancing and Winston 'Merritone' Blake playing Long Story and Left With A Broken Heart in the break. Then it was singers all the way to the end, Gregory Isaacs delivering Number One and Rumors, Night Nurse coming before a Ragamuffin encore. Johnny Clarke's hit machine rolled out Move Outta Babylon and None Shall Escape the Judgement. Culture's Two Sevens Clash and I'm Not Ashamed came before Conqueror.
Daughter Nettie was honoured in 1971 as "Alberta's Pioneer Daughter of the Year" and died in 1989 at the age of 96. The Ware's original cabin is a visitor attraction in Dinosaur Provincial Park and the name of old cowboy is remembered through the John Ware Junior School in Calgary. Alberta is bounded on the West by the Province of British Columbia, on the North by the Northwest Territories, on the east by the Province of Saskatchewan, and on the South by the Canada-U.S. border. The Province has a Provincial Conservative Government, led by Premier Ralph Kline, with 62 of the 83 Legislative Assembly seats. The Alberta Liberals have 16, the Alberta New Democratic Party 4 and the Alberta Alliance one.
"While the work of the Jamaican Diaspora is being praised for its success in keeping the linkage with Jamaica very strong, I submit that a look at the experience of other Diasporas will provide us with valuable lessons of how we can even more effectively utilise the resources available to us to enhance both the Diaspora as well as our homeland."
The service for Donna Andrea Messado, sociologist of New York and resident of Hope Pastures, St. Andrew, was held on Saturday, October 15 at St. Stephen's United Church in Cross Roads, St. Andrew, Jamaica. The funeral for the late 'One Order' gang strongman Omar 'Tickerus' Campbell was held on Sunday, November 6, at the Lighthouse Assembly in Ellerslie Pen, St. Catherine.
A notice published by the Jamaica Stock Exchange in its daily stock market report on Tuesday, February 8, advised "on December 17, 2004, AIC Barbados Limited transferred 6,274,263 shares in National Commercial Bank Jamaica Ltd. to Mr. [Aubyn Hill]." The disclosure by the JSE contradicts previous reports published elsewhere in the print media which suggested that the former NCB executive had collected a settlement amount of between US$750,000 and US$1 million. It is clear that, excluding NCB's board and Mr. Hill, no one knows for sure what were the exact terms of the settlement at the negotiating table.
ATLANTA, Georgia: The Jamaican community in Atlanta, commenced a week long series of activities to celebrate Jamaica's 43rd year of independence with a Thanksgiving service at the Holy Cross Episcopal Church Hall on Sunday, July 31, 2005. Approximately three hundred Jamaicans and well wishers were in attendance. The sermon was delivered by Bishop Charles DuFour, Roman Catholic Bishop of Montego Bay. Jamaica's Honorary Consul to Atlanta, Vin Martin, read the Prime Minister's message. The first lesson was read by Allan Alberga, President of the Atlanta Jamaican Association and the second lesson was read by Tamara Cox. Union of Jamaican Organizations in Atlanta is comprised of Atlanta Jamaican Association, Atlanta Montego Bay Sister Cities, Benevolent Missions of Atlanta, Calabar High School Alumni Association, Clarendon College Alumni Association, Caribbean Sports and Social Club, Integrity Children's Fund, Kingston College Alumni Association, Queen's High School Alumni Association, St. Hugh's High School Alumni Association, Carilanta Players, Tropical Sports Club and United for Jamaica.
High Commissioner [Maxine Roberts] was praised for her dedication and commitment to both Jamaica and Jamaican community in the United Kingdom (UK). Manager of National Commercial Bank, UK Operations, Dale Robinson said Miss Roberts was a true friend to the Jamaican businesses operating in the UK.
Now there are at least two places in Jamaica called [Mocho]. There's one in St. James near Garlands, but most persons agree that the Mocho from those infamous insults is the tiny town in Clarendon, between Thompson Town and Green Park. "Well Mocho is basically what you see here. There isn't much more. Things are quiet and we all know each other. We don't have anything to worry about, like crime. So whatever anybody want to say about Mocho, that is their problem. We are all quite alright," the perky woman grinned. We eventually stumbled on to a heated game of dominoes well in progress. It was like a festival of profanity as these self-proclaimed 'country people' enjoyed themselves in the best way they know how. One man got a bit excited and threw his hands into the air and ordained himself the domino king of Mocho. But a whisper from a female bartender confirmed that it was just the alcohol talking.
The murder of the three children Dwayne Davidson, 15, Sue-Ann Gordon, 13, both students of St. Mary High School, and Shadece Williams, 4, has torn at Jamaica's 'heart strings'. "I am not really related but hearing about the deaths. It was so horrible I had to come," said Amy Bailey from Portland who broke down in tears when she was unable to "even get a glimpse of the casket," due to the massive crowd at both church services. Bishop Dunn challenged the crowd, stating, "Don't let those children die in vain."
Sisters and Brothers in the Diaspora outside Jamaica, Season's Greetings and remember in your prayers, in this time of fellowship and love, not just your own family and friends, but the larger family of Jamaicans and our homeland, Jamaica. In the coming year, we must, must have a conference of Jamaicans in Canada - and, before the middle of the year. Let us sit together, as many Jamaicans as possible, in workshops to thrash out the solutions. We know what the problems are. Time to stop talking about them and start dealing with solutions among ourselves, in a rational, quiet manner, as our forefathers did in order to end slavery and colonialism.
"I am not disappointed because right now I am unfit. I'm not at 100 per cent so I didn't expect anything," the Boys' Champs Class One champion told The Weekly Gleaner following his fourth place finish in Saturday night's, March 26, final at the Dwight Yorke Stadium. A silver medallist at last year's Carifta Games in Bermuda, [Rose] clocked 10.58 seconds, again beaten by last year's champion Daniel Bailey of Antigua & Barbuda (10.36).
My companion and I chose the same things, so I can leave 'the person' out after this sentence. Sorry mi dear. Next, I had a Scelta Di Pasta Farfalle Bella Casa, which basically means Bow Tie Pasta with wonderful things from the house. As I am not a lover of Bow Tie Pasta - not wanting to ruin my dinner by eating a man in full suit and, yes, bow tie -- I opted for my favourite, Fettuccine. A small bowl arrived, just perfect for the occasion. The sauce -- a tomato basil mixture with loads of delish mushrooms and artichokes enhanced with bella crema and sprinkled with freshly grated parmesan cheese -- was absolutely perfetto. I followed that with Agnello Alla Rosmarino, which is a Parmesan Crusted Lamb, marinated in Rosemary and Garlic Au Jus with Potato. The lamb was exactly as I ordered it - medium rare - and it was, to tell the truth, melt-in-your-mouth good. I have to tell you, it's as if the gods just didn't want me to divulge this little Italian secret. This morning, all settled in to begin the procedure it takes to write one of these Thursday reviews, I could not find the notebook I had so carefully written all my information in this last time. Hello. I was suicidal. Not again, thought I. The possibility of having to visit Hedo III yet again sent shivers throughout my body. But I persevered. Hours later all was found, buried on my desk which is unfortunately covered almost to the ceiling in notes, papers, CDs and heaven only knows what else.
Plans are underway for St Lucia's Carnival to be held later this year were outlined at a press breakfast meeting by Teddy Francis, Director of Culture, St. Lucia. One of the highlights of this year's carnival scheduled for July 4 -- 20, will be the focus on cultural costumes. "We are putting emphasis on ensuring that the costumes reflect the theme of the carnival, so that our carnival can be differentiated from other carnivals, even though nothing is wrong with other carnivals," Francis said.
St. George's Slayers stopped Braves' one-man team 79-67 in KFC/Cable & Wireless National Basketball League action at the National Stadium's basketball courts on Tuesday, April 6. Despite his team's domination over Braves and getting the win, Slayers' coach Winston Harvey graded his team's performance as `sub-standard'.
Members of the Victory Tabernacle New Testament Church of God gathered by the seaside behind the Forum Hotel in Portmore following their three-hour worship service to witness children, a few males and many women urging them to give their lives to Christ. Photograph (Reverend Errol Duncans of the Victory Tabernacle New Testament Church of God in Portmore, St. Catherine.)
Congressman Gregory Meeks who represents the Sixth Congressional District of South East Queens, home to a large Haitian migrant population, also expressed his concern about [Jean-Bertrand Aristide]'s removal from office and the role the United States, might have had in the affair. "I'm one who thinks that Aristide had some problems in the country. However, I believe in the institution of democracy and that we needed both sides to sit down pursuant to the CARICOM agreement," he told the Gleaner. Other members of the delegation who called on Secretary General [Kofi Annan] were Congresswoman Barbara Lee of California; Kendrick Meek from Florida; Donald Payne - New Jersey; Major Owen - New York; John Conyers - Michigan and actor and human rights activist, Danny Glover.
"[Bush]'s proposal soared like a rocket and ended like a squid," [Colin Moore] said. "It's not an immigration reform but a temporary status to immigrants coming in, but what about those living here already?" he asked. Moore wanted to know what would happen to immigrants in the fifth year after applying for permanent residency, when in fact it takes 10 years for legal permanent status to be effected. "It's not an amnesty, but most thought it was," [Joan Foy] said. "However, it's better than nothing and it opens the issue for discussion where there was none. There has been no discussion on immigration since 1996 with the Antiterrorism and Death Penalty Act when many were caught by surprise and residents who were affected faced deportation.
The concert was held in order to raise funds for Howard 'Goddy Goddy' Reynolds' surgery to remove a painful tumour behind his ears. The 'night to remember' began with five-year-old Oshine Levy, the daughter of 2004 Gospel Song winner Lubert Levy. Oshine gave a splendid rendition of My Redeemer Lives. Her pint-sized body belied her voice control. She lifted the place to a spiritual high which found hundreds of mostly young attendees dancing, waving flags and singing along. The command of her performance was highlighted by MC Garfield, who reminded the audience that 'a child shall lead them'.
The recent performance featured five of the pieces from their repertoire. Three of the pieces, 'Sankofa-Ja' (choreographed by Professor Kariamu Welsh Asante), 'Evolution' (choreographed by Abeldo 'Tokie' [Monika Lawrence]) and 'African Nite' (choreographed by Monica Lawrence assisted by Orville Hall) were added to the ensemble's repertoire this year. '[Liza]' weaves together the stories and music from 'Linstead Market', 'Mout-a-Massie Liza' and 'Every time me Memba Liza' to tell the story of a young girl who becomes disaffected with country life and goes off to the city.
Up to the last minute CIS' Irwine Clare was still awaiting a response to a formal request sent weeks ago to Guyana's Consul General to New York, Bretnold Evans and a subsequent follow-up sent to the President of Guyana, Bharrat Jagdeo; and the country's Home Affairs Minister, Gail Texeira. Clare, who flew to Guyana on Wednesday night in hopes that the approval would have been secured at the last minute, voiced disappointment but said he's optimistic that the team will be able to present the forums in the future, given the numerous queries and requests he has received from nationals there for such seminars.
Through informed presentations on immigration and the need for economic social and political on empowerment, Irwine and his partner, Attorney-at-law Winston Tucker, have established themselves as major community advocates on immigration reform and issues germane to the Caribbean community. In fact since 1995 Irwine and his organization have assisted in excess of 150,000 Caribbean nationals in becoming citizens of the United States. They single handedly led the lobbying effort for an amnesty for undocumented immigrants, collecting thousands of petitions at local events and even taking their call to the West Indian Day Parade in Brooklyn.
-, "We want more than St. Lucians coming out," said Ted Francis, director of the St. Lucia Cultural Development Foundation, "and towards that end we have put together special combination trips to carnival that will include tours of the island." "The mid-February celebration was complicated," Francis explained, citing St. Lucia's traditional four-day New Year's celebration, observance of its independence and "the shadow of the Trinidad and Tobago carnival."
New York: Cruising into History was the theme at a luncheon last Wednesday, hosted by editorial director of Essence Magazine, Susan Taylor onboard the Serenade of the Seas, a Royal Caribbean luxury liner. To commemorate Haiti's bi-centennial anniversary of independence, Ron Daniels, executive director of the Center for Constitutional Rights, developed the concept of Cruising into history. On August 12-21, 2004, `Cruising into History' will celebrate the 200th anniversary of Haitian Independence.
Charging that hotel and tour operators sometimes "insult the intelligence" of foreign visitors with romantic tales of Jamaica's past, Professor [Verene Shepherd] insisted that while we enjoy the ambience of surviving great houses, we must acknowledge that, "they used to be the site of exploitation and sexploitation of our ancestors".
"It is with pride and humility that I accept the Prime Minister's Award for Service to Jamaican Nationals abroad. I am very proud of my Jamaican heritage and over the past thirty years I have worked to maintain ties at home and abroad. My goal was always to support and help to foster cultural, educational and economic stability for Jamaican Nationals within the Greater Hartford area. I have a great sense of pride and fulfillment as I see first, second and third generations of Jamaicans excel educationally and economically. As one of the founding members of NAJASO, the National Organization of Jamaicans and Supportive Organizations, I have reached out on the national level to bring Jamaicans together to support Jamaica and to maintain their Jamaican pride and heritage."
Leith earned inclusions in Who's Who in the World, Who's Who in American Education, Who's Who in America, Who's Who of American Women, Who's Who in the East, Who's Who in Universal Publication, Who's Who of the Year, (American Biographical Institute), International Woman of the Year (International Biographical Center), and received the Outstanding Achievement Award at Baruch College Alumni Association. From a very early age, Leith had vowed that she must be "a shining star." She wanted to make a difference in society by being a friend and help to mankind. Her childhood dream has metamorphosed into a successful business enterprise. As the Prime Minister of Jamaica extends this latest award, Leith Yetman's star is shining even brighter.
We have been blessed because they are a part of our mosaic." The evening festivities featured remarks from Haitian Consul General of New York Harry J. Fouche and Haiti's Ambassador to the United Nations Jean C. Alexandre. Entertainment was provided the Haitian American Association of Jersey City Inc., gospel singer [Felina Backer] and rap group Euneek Aroma Haiti. Additionally, the work of Haitian artist Lucien Bourdeau was displayed. The master of ceremonies was Yves Richar Blanc.
Just when patrons may have thought the party was coming to a close, Byron Lee and the Dragonaires returned to the stage at 2 a.m., and gave the St. Bess patrons a blast from the past. The band did old soca/calypso favourites like, 'Butterfly', 'It's Carnival' and 'Dolla Wine'. When the band, however did another of their popular songs, 'Soca Train', patrons needed no instructions for this one, as they immediately assumed the position and formed a soca train around the venue. With women in front and men behind, the train went around the venue, but soon broke up when [Keisha] changed gears and did 'Passe', another popular soca song. After the band did their slate of songs, they showed the crowd just how versatile they were, as they did a few renditions from a Jamaican collection of reggae songs.
In addressing some of the issue facing Caribbean migrants, Dr. Manley implored everyone to take responsibilities for themselves and their respective islands. "Maybe we have been depending too much on the people we elect. A democracy works best when it has citizens who are willing to be accountable," she said. While empathizing with the terrorism issues, currently affecting the United States, Dr. Manley pointed out that the Caribbean was also experiencing terrorism in its own form. "For us poverty is terrorism. The amount of guns that come into Jamaica from this country is terrorism. Jamaica is way ahead of the other islands with their homicide rate. "Guyana is right behind us and some other islands are beginning to see the same thing happening."
An effervescent Dr. Claire Nelson, the ICS founder and president, beams with excitement about this year's honoree line-up that underlines the Caribbean excellence that helps build the United States and the wider world. Of Greenbelt, Maryland-based engineer [Robert Rashford]'s "one-of-a-kind inventions" for the NASA space program, Nelson bubbles: "Most of us dream about space... but he is working on equipment that is sent up on the Space Shuttle." Fae Ellington an enduring actress and radio, television and comedy personality in Jamaica, is hosting the evening's affair, which returns to the JW Marriott Hotel in downtown Washington, D.C. Among the other Caribbean celebrities on the program-Washington's WJLA-TV news anchor Maureen Bunyan and New York-based Jamaican author Colin Channer. The latter's novel, "Waiting in Vain," copped the Washington Post's 1998 Critic's Choice award. The Institute of Caribbean Studies is a non-partisan, non-profit organization established in 1993, with a mission to conduct research, policy analysis and education focussed on issues that impact the Caribbean diaspora in the United States. ICS works with scholars, the private sector, NGO community, and US and Caribbean public sector- and other interests to promote dialogue on Caribbean issues. The ICS is at present operated by an all-volunteer staff.
