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    1. 'Had They Been Polite and Civilized, None of This Would Have Happened': Discourses of Race and Racism in Multicultural Lima

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    Collection:
    Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
    Contributers:
    Golash-Boza,Tanya (Author)
    Format:
    Journal Article
    Publication Date:
    Nov 2010
    Published:
    Philadelphia, PA: Routledge/Taylor & Francis
    Location:
    African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
    Journal Title:
    Latin American and Caribbean Ethnic Studies
    Journal Title Details:
    5(3) : 317-330
    Notes:
    In 2006, the Peruvian government passed a law that made racial discrimination a crime punishable by incarceration. This law, part of a multicultural reform in Peru, can be seen as an effective recognition of the reality of racism in Peruvian society. Such recognition, however, contrasts with official depictions of Peru as a country without racism, and of Peruvians as people who deny the existence of racism in their society.

    2. Stratification by Skin Color in Contemporary Mexico

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    Collection:
    Black Caribbean Literature (BCL)
    Contributers:
    Villarreal,Andres (Author)
    Format:
    Journal Article
    Publication Date:
    2010
    Published:
    United States: American Sociological Association, Washington DC
    Location:
    African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
    Journal Title:
    American Sociological Review
    Journal Title Details:
    75(5) : 652-678
    Notes:
    Journal Article, Uses data from a nationally representative panel survey of Mexican adults to examine the extent of skin color based social stratification in contemporary Mexico. Despite extreme ambiguity in skin color classification, the author finds considerable agreement among survey interviewers about who belongs to three skin color categories. The results also provide evidence of profound social stratification by skin color. Individuals with darker skin tone have significantly lower levels of educational attainment and occupational status, and they are more likely to live in poverty and less likely to be affluent, even after controlling for other individual characteristics.