14 pages, The paper analysed the effect of farmer’s exposure on different channels in particular establishment of foreign agricultural investments (FAI) farms that are seen as influential in promoting agricultural technology use among neighbouring farmers. Based on proportionate random sampling strategy in areas with both foreign and domestic commercial farms, the effects of farmer characteristics and different exposure channels for promoting and learning agricultural technologies were fitted and estimated in the general Poisson model. Results show that farmer’s age, mobile phones ownership, household poverty, self learning by doing, learning from neighbours, domestic investors, Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), National Agricultural Research and Extension Services (NARES) and farmer’s location significantly influence agricultural technologies use among farmers living near commercial farms. But age and household poverty were inverse related to the intensity of farmer’s agricultural technology use. It implies that old age and poverty negatively affect use of agricultural technologies while exposure to FAI is not effective channel for farmer to use agriculture technologies in areas with commercial farms. It was concluded that presence of FAI farms without formal and informal interactions with neighboring farmers does not influence the use of agricultural technologies among farmers, therefore a mere presence of FAI farms should be considered as private investment and not necessarily as a means for promoting agricultural technology use to neighboring farmers. A selective strategy should be considered to use FAI farms as means of promoting use of agricultural technologies among neighboring smallholder farmers based on crop similarity, location endowments, socio-economic characteristics of farmers, extension services availability and technologies used by FAI farms.
9 pages, Despite agriculture’s great potential to Tanzania agricultural development, the sector faces diverse challenges. For example, existence of gender gaps in accessing agricultural production resources and benefits obtained from the same impede the sector’s growth. Therefore, adoption of conservation agriculture (CA) has been seen as one of the measures to address the sector limited productivity. Nonetheless, there is limited knowledge on how CA has managed to reduce gender inequalities in accessing both reproductive resources and benefits accrued from agriculture. This paper examines gender gaps in conservation agriculture programme implemented by Sustainable Agriculture in Tanzania (SAT), by specifically analyzing gender participation and relations in CA in Morogoro municipality and Morogoro district. This study adopted a mixed method approach whereby both qualitative and quantitative data were collected from four sites where SAT implements its activities. Findings show that CA has significantly reduced gander gaps in accessing production resources and services as well as raising women’s participation in decision making with regards to production and use of income obtained from sales of produce. Farmers regardless of the gender can access extension services, and credit, and are involved in various initiatives collectively. Despite the economic benefits, findings show that CA is laborious and takes much of farmers’ time, women being more affected. Therefore, it is recommended that the central and local governments and various stakeholders should promote the spread of conservation agriculture technologies since it reduces the biasness in agriculture and empowering women. Ensuring access to advanced cheap technologies to farmers. Nonetheless, there is need to ensure that female farmers are not overburdened in the process.
