African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
210 p., From the days of slavery, the Negro from Martinique has never stopped "marronner", that is to say, to try to escape his condition, winning the great woods, the plebeians districts boroughs or even the neighboring islands. Simon, principal figure of the book, was one of them. He knew in the 17th century the arrival of the first slaves from Africa Guinea, the eighteenth hell of sugar plantations in the nineteenth fever abolition, in the early twentieth that of marching strikes and, at the dawn of XXI, the mare desperadoes of false modernity.
210 p., In African and Caribbean literature the question of power relations is omnipresent. It is identifiable in the literature of the independence period, which explored socio-cultural issues while African and Caribbean nations were emerging from the grip of colonial powers, and also in that of today, where developed countries and developing countries are still negotiating their relationship. While the Black woman is the first to feel the effects of power, because the latter is doubly marginalized as a woman and black, she has historically been silenced by a literary canon that does not leave her room for self-expression. Through an analysis of power relations between Black women and the patriarchal institution, we reveal the tactics that women use to endure the alienating systems in which they are located: (1) the rehabilitation of their sexuality (2) feminine solidarity (3) formal education (4) supernatural power and (5) the reexamination of Western values.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
Originally published in Paris, France, as Peau noire, masques blancs, c1952., 188 p, A psychiatric and psychoanalytic analysis of colonial racism's effects on black colonials' identity, self-perception, and mental wellbeing. The psychiatrist Frantz Fanon was born in 1925 and grew up in Martinique, which was a French colony at the time.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
La Justice en Martinique a ouvert l'année 2002 de manière grandiose avec le nouveau Palais de Justice qui est situé, est-ce un symbole ou un signe, sur le terrain de l'ancienne prison de Fort de France. Mais comme l'habit ne fait pas le moine, le Palais de Justice ne fait pas la Justice. Derrière l'apparat de ses nouveaux locaux, la question de la crédibilité de l'institution judiciaire à la Martinique reste entière. Plus qu'en d'autres endroits, la justice est crainte en Martinique. Dans la tradition de ce pays, en créole on dit «Lalwa» avec un grand L et un peu d'effroi. De même, si vous êtes bien habillé, c'est que vous allez «paraître», comprenez comparaître devant les juges. Car on ne va pas devant ces gens sinon que déférents et donc bien habillé de la tête aux pieds. Ceci s'explique aisément. Pour le martiniquais, la justice est un phénomène étrange et étranger. Peut-on sérieusement soutenir que le Code Noir était neutre et que les juges de cette époque étaient des êtres hors des normes sociales ? Non ! Quelques affaires : la non-affaire Guibert, l'affaire Louis-Sidney, l'affaire Air Martinique, la postière et le Rastafari, etc. Quelques analyses : la discrimination au quotidien, une justice fort souvent démunie, la criminalisation des luttes sociales.Raphaël CONSTANT;
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
341 p, Michel Giraud writes about the different races and classes in Martinique. He expands on the social relations between children of different colors to school.
The recurrence of violence in Haiti since February 1986 has generated strong demands for reforms to the security and justice system, in the broader context and process of democratic construction. Important transformations have been implemented, but certain factors have hampered change. Challenges include an institutional culture that resists certain changes, weak links between the police and justice, inadequate support from international actors, and a deeply constraining economic context.
