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2. Conditional income disparity between farm and non-farm households in the european union: a longitudinal analysis
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Marino, Maria (author), Rocchi, Benedetto (author), and Severini, Simone (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2021-01-19
- Published:
- United States: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: D12365
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Agricultural Economics
- Journal Title Details:
- Vol. 72,Iss. 2
- Notes:
- 18 pages, Government interventions in the agricultural sector have been historically justified by the existence of an income disparity between farmers and non-farmers. However, recent studies have found that such disparity is disappearing over time, particularly in the United States. This work offers the first longitudinal systematic assessment on the average income disparity between farm and non-farm units in the European Union, differentiating between old and new Member States. Using the EU-SILC dataset, both broad (having some farm income) and narrow (living mainly on agriculture) farm households are compared with a general sample of non-farm households and a more restricted sample of self-employed non-farm households. To control for household observable characteristics and time-constant unobserved factors, we use a fixed effects regression. Results suggest that the farm/non-farm income disparity has disappeared in the European Union unless we compare narrow farm households with all non-farm households: in this case, the former are more likely to be better off than the latter. A limited income disparity is found only in the case of new Member States for broad farm households only. Results are used to draw policy implications regarding the role of CAP in supporting farm income.
3. Digital inequality in the appalachian ohio: understanding how demographics, internet access, and skills can shape vital information use (VIU)
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Khan, M. Laeeq (author), Welser, Howard T. (author), Cisneros, Claudia (author), and Manatong, Gaone (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2020-03-10
- Published:
- Netherlands: Elsevier B.V.
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 205 Document Number: D12619
- Journal Title:
- Telematics and Informatics
- Journal Title Details:
- v. 50
- Notes:
- 18 pgs, Access to information and resources via the Internet is an increasingly vital dimension of contemporary life. However, there can be several impediments to optimal Internet utilization in the form of access, skills, and motivation. Even when access is available, several digital inequalities arise as citizens often lack the skills and motivations to pursue those vital uses through the Internet to the best of their advantage. Digital inequalities in the hills of the Appalachian area of Ohio are often manifested in terms of social, cultural and geographic divides. Not only do the hills block wireless signals and make cables expensive to install, but regional poverty also drives away telecom investment. We conducted a survey of Appalachian Ohio to explore digital inequity issues and the determinants of online participation for things that matter. Through a number of analyses, we explore how Internet access and digital skills impact online contribution to the community in terms of services and resources considered to be basic social needs: health, employment, education, and social media. These social needs, what we have called Vital Internet Use (VIU) can determine citizens’ political and civic participation, societal contribution, and overall benefit to their communities. Centered on the concepts of digital access, Internet skills, and benefit outcomes, we extend knowledge in this domain and propose a comprehensive framework of VIU.
4. Marketing efficiency among gender-based decision-making farm households in southern ethiopia
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Gezimu Gebre, Girma (author), Isoda, Hiroshi (author), Amekawa, Yuichiro (author), Bahadur Rahut, Dil (author), Nomura, Hisako (author), and Watanabe, Takaaki (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2021-04-28
- Published:
- United States: Routledge (Taylor & Francis Group)
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 205 Document Number: D12588
- Journal Title:
- Journal of International Food & Agribusiness Marketing
- Journal Title Details:
- Online
- Notes:
- 27pgs, This study examines the effect of gender on marketing efficiency among maize producing households using data collected in the Dawuro zone, southern Ethiopia. Results indicate that the amount of maize assigned to the first ranked (most efficient) channel for male, female and joint decision-making households is significantly larger than that of the second, third, and fourth ranked channels, respectively. Significant results vary across gender categories at the same stage of marketing channel. Female decision-making households receive a lower producer price, as well as cover higher marketing costs and margins of middlemen, as compared to male and joint decision-makers at the same stage of the marketing channel. This study also found a limited financial ability for local institutions to establish maize storages in the study area. There is a need for an integrated agricultural marketing information system that would help female decision-making maize producers to better engage in available market opportunities.
5. Mobile phones, off-farm employment and household income in rural india
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Rajkhowa, Pallavi (author) and Qaim, Matin (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2022-03-01
- Published:
- United States: Wiley Online
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 204 Document Number: D12484
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Agricultural Economics
- Notes:
- 17 pages, Rural households in developing countries often depend on agriculture for their livelihoods. However, many also pursue off-farm economic activities either to complement their farm income or because they lack access to agricultural land. Rural off-farm employment is often informal and temporary. Searching for jobs can be associated with high transaction costs, which may be a constraint on some households’ participation in off-farm employment. The increasing spread of mobile phones may help to reduce these transaction costs. Here, we test the hypothesis that mobile phone ownership increases rural households’ participation in off-farm employment and—through this mechanism—also improves household income. We use nationally representative panel data from rural India and regression models with household fixed effects to control for confounding factors and unobserved heterogeneity. We find that mobile phone ownership is positively associated with the likelihood of participating in various types of off-farm employment, including casual wage labour, salaried employment and non-agricultural self-employment. This association is larger in female-headed than in male-headed households. The estimates also show that mobile phone ownership is positively associated with household income, partly channeled through the off-farm employment mechanism.
6. New program addresses issues of health access, understanding for Illinois residents
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Koon, Samantha (author / University of Illinois Extension)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2021-03
- Published:
- USA: College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 203 Document Number: D12159
- Journal Title:
- ACES@Illinois
- Notes:
- Online issue. 3 pages., Announces a new core program area, Integrated Health Disparities, in Illinois Extension. Purpose: "To provide leadership and resources in the crusade to address health inequities." Priority issues will include health promotion and education, healthcare access, behavioral health, and community well-being.
7. Social dynamics of the U.S. environmental challenge
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Crow, Ben (author)
- Format:
- Book chapter
- Publication Date:
- 2010
- Published:
- USA
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: D08699
- Notes:
- Pages 76-85 in Gordon Wilson, Pamela Furniss and Richard Kimbowa (eds.), Environment, development and sustainability: perspectives and cases from around the world. Oxford University Press, Oxford, England. 290 pages.