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    Start Over Subject Term data collection Subject Term extension agents Subject Term surveys

    2. Factors affecting performance of agricultural extension: evidence from Democratic Republic of Congo

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Contributers:
    Ragasa, Catherina (author), Ulimwengo, John (author), Randriamamonjy, Josee (author), Badibanga, Thaddee (author), and International Food Policy Research Institution Washington, DC office Western and Central Africa Regional Office
    Format:
    Online journal article
    Publication Date:
    2016-04
    Published:
    Netherlands: Taylor and Francis
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 108 Document Number: D10953
    Journal Title:
    Journal of Agricultural Education and Extension
    Journal Title Details:
    22(2) : 113-143
    Notes:
    32 pages, via online journal article, Purpose: As part of the institutional reforms and agricultural restructuring in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC), this paper provides an assessment of the performance of the agricultural extension system as well as factors explaining it. Method: This paper involves key informants’ interviews and surveys of 107 extension organizations and 162 extension agents in randomly selected 156 villages, analyzed using qualitative and logistic regression methods. Findings and Practical Implications: Results show that despite having one of the highest extension agent-to-farmer ratio and a pluralistic extension system, DRC fails to deliver knowledge and technologies to rural areas due to lack of coordination, no unified and clear policy and mandate, lack of funding, aging and low competencies of agents, and lack of mobility and interactions of agents with key actors. This paper complements findings by other studies that number of agents is not a sufficient indication of performance, but an effective system needs to focus on the enabling environment for agents to be motivated to work as mandated. In this paper, enabling conditions that are found to be statistically significant are external funding, enforcement of performance targets, systems of rewards and sanctions, mobility to foster linkages, and skills development. Originality: This paper contributes by: (1) analyzing a cross-section of various organizations and agents to identify factors that explain variations in performance in a statistical and systematic approach; (2) providing insights on how to prioritize investments and options for a fragile state like DRC, with weak infrastructure and institutional capacity and with a long history of neglect for their national extension system; and (3) illustrating how a rich and well-cited conceptual framework can be implemented empirically to provide policy options for a country like DRC.

    4. Socio-demographic profile of different samples of Latin American rural extensionists

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    Collection:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
    Contributers:
    Landini, Fernando (author), Bianqui, Vanina (author), and Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Brasil
    Format:
    Online journal article
    Language:
    Portuguese and English
    Publication Date:
    2014-03
    Published:
    Brazil: Redalyc
    Location:
    Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 106 Document Number: D10933
    Journal Title:
    Ciência Rural
    Journal Title Details:
    44(3) : 575-581
    Notes:
    6 pages, via online journal, In order to design and implement public policies in the context of rural development, information tends to be gathered about family farming in different Latin American countries. In contrast, scarce attention has been given to the description of rural extensionists, who are the ones supporting family farming in the fi eld. A cross-sectional investigation was conducted between 2010 and 2012 including surveys to rural extensions working in 10 different Latin American countries, this allowing for a preliminary description of the socio-demographic profile of the respondents. The samples were incidental ranging from 19 (Bolivia) to 220 (Argentina) subjects, this implying that they were not representative. Significant statistical differences were found with regards to the sex, age, experience, level of education and university degree of the samples pertaining to the different countries. In average, most extensionists are men (70.1%), age 40.3 and have little more than 11 years of experience as extensionists. Brazilian practitioners surveyed are the oldest, most educated and experienced among the different samples. In general, most extensionists have a technical background and are agricultural engineers. The Uruguayan sample showed the highest percentage of extensionists coming from the area of social sciences.