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2. Contracting for agricultural extension: review and analysis of diverse public/private contracting arrangements worldwide
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Rivera, William (author), Alex, Gary (author), and Association for International Agricultural and Extension Education (AIAEE).
- Format:
- Paper
- Publication Date:
- 2006-05-14
- Published:
- International
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C24208
- Notes:
- Retrieved June 17, 2006, at http://www.aiaee.org/2006/Accepted/570.pdf, Pages 570-579 in proceedings of the AIAEE conference in Clearwater Beach, Florida, May 14-17, 2006.
3. Institutional economics of grain marketing in Russia: Insights from the Tyumen region
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Griewald, Yuliana (author) and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Osnabrück University of Applied Sciences
- Format:
- Online journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2016-07-30
- Published:
- Germany: Elsevier
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 109 Document Number: D10963
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Rural Studies
- Journal Title Details:
- 47(2016) : 21-30
- Notes:
- 9 pages, via online journal, Grain marketing arrangements in modern Russia are far from what they were in the 1990s. Given that grain marketing is crucial for farm revenues and an adequate functioning of the agri-food system, this paper examines why different grain marketing contracts co-exist and how well they fit the local agri-food context. Semi-structured interviews with farmers, grain buyers and regional authorities were conducted in the region of Tyumen in 2013-2014. The analysis, grounded in new institutional economics, found that the traders’ contracts, compared to those offered by grain elevators, are often better suited to account for uncertainty as a salient property of marketing transactions, but discourage quality improvements and differentiation of grain. Furthermore, both contract types encourage strategic behaviour on the part of grain buyers. The paper also discusses the case in a broader theoretical and international context and offers a number of policy implications, such as those related to independent grain quality assessments and extension.
4. Intellectual property exhaustion, breeder frustration, and hindered innovation
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Endres, A. Bryan (author), Guarino, Jessica (author), and Nathani, Nabilah (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2023-08-22
- Published:
- USA: Thomas A. Lyson Center for Civic Agriculture and Food Systems
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 206 Document Number: D12955
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Agriculture, Food Systems, and Community Development
- Journal Title Details:
- V.12, N.4
- Notes:
- 11 pages, Private-sector dominance of plant breeding constitutes the present norm of organic seed genetics research, which has generated concerns in the organic farming community in this era of robust intellectual property protections. Intellectual property restrictions primarily in the form of certificates, patents, and contractual arrangements are blamed for stifling the innovation of organic seed varieties. To better understand the challenges small-scale and university-based breeders and researchers face in organic corn seed genetic development, this article provides an overview of intellectual property structures surrounding seed innovation and sharing. After describing the legal landscape in which organic corn seed research and development occurs, the article details research efforts exploring the veracity of claims that contractual arrangements (in the form of seed-sharing agreements between breeders and universities) stifle the innovation of organic varieties. In doing so, the article describes the search methodology utilized and highlights a critical barrier to research: the closely guarded nature of private contracts that parties are reluctant to reveal. While we were able to identify several data points that highlighted the importance of seed-sharing agreements as a part of the intellectual property regime controlling organics research and breeding, we were unable to obtain contracts or identify disputes over contractual language to further analyze. Such contractual language only becomes available upon consent and release by individual parties to the contract or by litigation that exposes the contractual language, both of which we attempted to explore and utilize. The article concludes with a discussion of why contractual arrangements in the context of organic corn seed development are an informative piece of the intellectual property puzzle worth exploring, as well as future points of research necessary to yield data substantiating the concerns of stakeholders in the organic seed industry.
5. New Generation Grain Marketing Contracts: How Did Producers' Opinions and Usage Change Between 2003 and 2005?
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Patrick, George F. (author), Alexander, Corinne (author), and Reimer, Aaron (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2007-06
- Published:
- USA
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 160 Document Number: C26183
- Journal Title:
- Journal of Extension
- Journal Title Details:
- 45(3)
6. Property, access, exclusion: Agribusiness venture agreements in the Philippines
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Rosete, Alfredo R.M. (author)
- Format:
- journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2020-08-21
- Published:
- USA: Elsevier
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 201 Document Number: D11879
- Journal Title:
- Journal of rural studies
- Journal Title Details:
- Vol. 79
- Notes:
- 9 pages, via online journal, Economists have touted partnerships between smallholders and agribusiness firms that cultivate high-valued export crops as a means of raising smallholder incomes and achieving rural development. However, some case studies show that such partnerships can deny smallholders the ability to benefit from their lands. This essay examines how this dynamic occurs by comparing the experiences of agrarian reform beneficiaries (ARBs) in the Davao Region of the Philippines. The paper finds that contracts which deny ARBs the benefit of their holdings are those that deprive them of key abilities such as determining who can use land and withdraw it from a partnership. Such contracts arise when ARB groups lack attributes that enhance their capacity for collective action, information gathering, and legal advocacy.
7. Reverse leasing and power dynamics among blue agave farmers in Western Mexico
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Bowen, Sarah (author) and Gerritsen, Peter R.W. (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2007-09-25
- Published:
- USA: Springer
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 160 Document Number: C26195
- Journal Title:
- Agriculture and Human Values
- Journal Title Details:
- DOI 10.1007/s10460-007-9088-7
- Notes:
- OnlineEarly; 16 p.
8. Socially beneficial rationality: the value of strategic farmers, social entrepreneurs, and for-profit firms in crop planting decisions
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Hu, Ming (author), Liu, Yan (author), and Wang, Wenbin (author)
- Format:
- Journal article
- Publication Date:
- 2019-08
- Published:
- United States: Informs PubsOnline
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 203 Document Number: D12265
- Journal Title:
- Management Science
- Journal Title Details:
- v. 65, iss. 8
- Notes:
- 19 pages, 19 pages, The price fluctuation in agricultural markets is an obstacle to poverty reduction for small-scale farmers in developing countries. We build a microfoundation to study how farmers with heterogeneous production costs, under price fluctuations, make crop-planting decisions over time to maximize their individual welfare. We consider both strategic farmers, who rationally anticipate the near-future price as a basis for making planting decisions, and naive farmers, who shortsightedly react to the most recent crop price. The latter behavior may cause recurring overproduction or underproduction, which leads to price fluctuations. We find it important to cultivate a sufficient number of strategic farmers because their self-interested behavior alone, made possible by sufficient market information, can reduce price volatility and improve total social welfare. In the absence of strategic farmers, a well-designed preseason buyout contract, offered by a social entrepreneur or a for-profit firm to a fraction of contract farmers, brings benefit to farmers as well as to the firm itself. More strikingly, the contract not only equalizes the individual welfare in the long run among farmers of the same production cost, but it also reduces individual welfare disparity over time among farmers with heterogeneous costs regardless of whether they are contract farmers or not. On the other hand, a nonsocially optimal buyout contract may reflect a social entrepreneur's over-subsidy tendency or a for-profit firm's speculative incentive to mitigate but not eliminate the market price fluctuation, both preventing farmers from achieving the most welfare.
9. Sociological aspects of contract farming
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Jasper, A. William (author / American Agricultural Marketing Association)
- Format:
- Speech
- Publication Date:
- 1970-12-03
- Published:
- USA
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 59 Document Number: D10724
- Notes:
- Claude W. Gifford Collection. Beyond his materials in the ACDC collection, the Claude W. Gifford Papers, 1919-2004, are deposited in the University of Illinois Archives. Serial Number 8/3/81. Locate finding aid at https://archives.library.illinois.edu/archon/, Speech presented at the Midwest Seminar sponsored by the American Poultry and Hatchery Federation, Des Moines, Iowa, December 3, 1970. 12 pages.