Discusses the relationship between squatters and the state in Brazil. Information on redemocratization in Latin America; Return of electoral democracy; Political transition from authoritarian to procedurally democratic regimes; Detailed information on the squatter settlements in Brazil; Distribution and sale of cocaine from public low-income housing projects; Information on prison authorities in Brazil.
53 p., Since 1996, Congress has appropriated 205 million dollars to the US Agency for International Development (USAID) and the Department of State (State) to support democracy assistance for Cuba. Because of Cuban government restrictions, conditions in Cuba pose security risks to the implementing partners -- primarily nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) -- and subpartners that provide US assistance. GAO (1) identified current assistance, implementing partners, subpartners, and beneficiaries; (2) reviewed USAID's and State's efforts to implement the program in accordance with US laws and regulations and to address program risks; and (3) examined USAID's and State's monitoring of the use of program funds. Tables, Figures, Appendixes.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
289 p, Synopsis Examining the relationship between democracy and the politics of race from a cross-national comparative perspective, this study examies specifically how black people fare in the political systems of Britain, Brazil, and the USA. Questions concerning the role of race in the development of democratic ideology, theory and systems of governance, and the levels of difference and commonality in the policitical experiences of people of African descent in the diaspora are addressed. This text uses the traditional tools of comparative political science in order to examine the role of race and race-related issues in each nation. Each of the nation-state chapters traces the historical relationship between the development of democracy and the politics of race. Also discussed are the processes and factors that are the result of the specific national or political differences and those that may be the result of systemic factors that commonly occur in democratic contexts. ; Includes bibliographical references (p.267-281) and index.
Edie,Carlene J. (Author) and Westport Conn. (Series Editor)
Format:
Book, Whole
Publication Date:
1994
Published:
Praeger
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
Democracy and middle-class domination in the Anglophone Caribbean / Percy C. Hintzen -- Jamaica : clientelism, dependency, and democratic stability / Carlene J. Edie -- Guyana : ethnic politics and the erosion of human rights and democratic governance / Ralph R. Premdas -- Trinidad and Tobago : democracy, nationalism, and the construction of racial identity / Percy C. Hintzen -- Barbados : democracy at the crossroads / Neville Duncan -- Grenada : from parliamentary rule to people's power / Dessima Williams -- Belize : challenges to democracy / Alma H. Young -- Suriname : the politics of transition from authoritarianism to democracy, 1988-1992 / Betty Sedoc-Dahlberg -- Dominican Republic : electoralism, pacts, and clientelism in the making of a democratic regime / Rosario Espinal Puerto Rico : problems of democracy and decolonization in the late twentieth century -- Cuba : unchanging change ; the boundaries of democracy / Carolee Bengelsdorf -- Haiti : prospects for democracy / Kenneth I. Boodhoo -- Democratization and foreign intervention / Pedro A. Noguera -- Problems and prospects for the survival of liberal democracy in the Anglophone Caribbean / Selwyn Ryan -- Parties and electoral competition in the Anglophone Caribbean, 1944-1991 / Patrick Emmanuel, 296 p
Rodríguez Garavito,César A. (Author), Alfonso Sierra,Tatiana (Author), and Cavelier Adarve,Isabel (Author)
Format:
Book, Whole
Language:
Spanish
Publication Date:
2009
Published:
Bogotá: Universidad de los Andes, Facultad de Derecho, CIJUS : Ediciones Uniandes
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
271 p., Contents: Introducción -- El desplazamiento forzado y su incidencia en la población afrocolombiana -- Desplazamiento y discriminación racial: las obligaciones del estado colombiano -- De las normas a la realidad: la situación de los afrocolombianos desplazados -- Conclusiones bibliográficas -- Anexo: Corte Constitucional de Colombia, Auto 05 de 2009 -- 466.
Reviews several books which focused on the social and political history of Haiti. Haiti in the New World Order: The Limits of the Democratic Revolution, by Alex Dupuy; Building Peace in Haiti, by Chetan Kumar; Haiti Renewed: Political and Economic Prospects, edited by Robert Rotberg; The Haitian Dilemma: A Case Study in Demographics, Development, and U.S. Foreign Policy, by Ernest Preeg.;
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
335 p., This study offers in-depth discussion and a new approach to interpreting the failure of the nation state and the chronic weakness of economic development in Haiti. It illustrates, through presentations and recommendations, how the road to true democracy and the eradication of endemic poverty in Haiti has to go through the establishment of the rule of law and strong and sustained economic growth.
A variety of approaches are discussed in this work, dealing with the economic problems, geopolítics, social conditions, and controversial themes affecting the region
Drawing on original case studies of police reform in Burundi, Haiti and Southern Sudan, this article demonstrates that developmental approaches to security system reform have more scope for application in fragile states that are not at war or involved in the War on Terror.
The recurrence of violence in Haiti since February 1986 has generated strong demands for reforms to the security and justice system, in the broader context and process of democratic construction. Important transformations have been implemented, but certain factors have hampered change. Challenges include an institutional culture that resists certain changes, weak links between the police and justice, inadequate support from international actors, and a deeply constraining economic context.
Briefly, Haiti and the Dominican Republic occupy the same island in the West Indies, Haiti occupying the western part and the Dominican Republic the eastern part. ... after my year in the Dominican Republic I decided to go to Haiti as a tourist before returning to the U.S. I remember reporting to the embassy in Port-au-Prince to be briefed and to let them know where I was staying and where I would be going. I remember that the Caucasian male embassy employee who interviewed me was both curious and very amused that I was in Haiti to visit. I remember that he told me emphatically, "the only thing you have in common with these people is color." He proceeded to rattle off negative things about the Haitian people. I was shocked at his boldness but I kept my cool. An example of this is the fact that President Thomas Jefferson allegedly launched an economic embargo against Haiti when Haiti became independent, causing the U.S. and Europe to refuse to acknowledge its independence for decades. At the present time it is alleged that Haiti is the most depressed nation in the Western Hemisphere.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
212 p., Analysis of Canadian and US democracy promotion in the Americas, with a focus on Haiti, Peru, and Bolivia in particular. The main argument is that democracy promotion is typically formulated to advance commercial, geopolitical and security objectives that conflict with a genuine commitment to democratic development. Includes chapter "Polyarchy at any cost in Haiti."
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
239 p, Contents: Globalization, the "new world order imperialism," and Haiti -- Before Aristide : class power, state power, and the Duvalier dictatorships, 1957-1990 -- The prophet armed : the popular movement for democracy and the rise of Jean-Bertrand Aristide -- The prophet disarmed : the first Lavalas government and its overthrow -- The prophet checkmated : the political opposition and the low-intensity war against Aristide -- The prophet banished : the second overthrow of Aristide and the pacification of Haiti
In the current crisis, the voice of Black America has been inconsistent or hushed. While the Congressional Black Caucus has been outspoken in challenging the [Bush] administration on its entire attitude toward Haiti, there has not been a widespread outcry in our communities. Our voices need to be heard insisting that, one, U.S. and French troops be immediately withdrawn and replaced by soldiers from neutral countries, that is, countries that were not involved in destabilizing the [Aristide] presidency; two, the thugs of the armed opposition need to be immediately disarmed and the convicted criminals among them must be imprisoned; and three, The Caribbean Community or CARICOM should be used as a vehicle to move a national reconciliation program that ultimately results in free and fair elections.
The ongoing review of defamation laws by the Jamaican government has sharpened the focus on the need to identify appropriate standards for public officials in libel actions in light of the growing recognition of a need for transparency. This article explores how British, Caribbean and U.S. jurisdictions have sought to manage the paradigm shift between the right to reputation and the need to ensure responsible and accountable governance. The aim is to identify a path of reform for Caribbean defamation law that ensures greater public official accountability and better incorporates twenty-first century notions of democracy.
Journal Article, Examines the power-evasive reduction of 'race,' racial conflict, and racial subordination from the terrain of the social, material, and structural to the 'private' realm of affect and emotions, in an effort to explain how neoliberalism operates in the everyday lives of U.S.-born Latino and Latin American migrant youth, particularly, young, working-class Puerto Rican and Brazilian women in Newark, New Jersey. Argues that urban neoliberalism has been complicit in generating new racial configurations in the United States and that, in the case of populations of Latin American and Spanish-speaking Caribbean backgrounds, such articulations of difference have deployed a variation of 'racial democracy' ideologies.
After [Jean-Jacques Dessalines]' death, [Henri Christophe] assumed leadership of Haiti, but the mulatto minority South set up its own republic under Pétion. Christophe committed suicide in 1820 amid an uprising over his forced labor policies. Pétion's successor, JeanPierre Boyer, reformed the two republics into one Haiti. Boyer ruled until his government collapsed in 1843 due to political rivalry. Until 1915, only two of the 21 governments since 1843 were not dismantled by coups d'états or political in-fighting. Except for agreement on the abolition of slavery, the state and nation were headed in opposite or different directions before the L'Ouverture adherents took over in 1804. The literature on Haiti, from Trinidadian C. L. R. James' classic book The Black Jacobins, to TransAfrica founder Randall Robinson's An Unbroken Agony, all tell the awful consequences of the "color curtain" in claustrophobic Haiti.
