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2. Market institutions: enhancing the value of rural-urban links
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Chowdhury, Shyamal (author), Negassa, Asfaw (author), and Torero, Maximo (author)
- Format:
- Research report
- Publication Date:
- 2005-10
- Published:
- International: International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington, D.C.
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 102 Document Number: D10927
- Notes:
- Food Consumption and Nutrition Division Discussion Paper 195 and Markets, Trade, and Institutions Division Discussion Paper 89. 44 pages., This paper examines how market institutions can affect links between urban and rural areas with specific emphasis on goods market integration in the national context. Traditionally, development researchers and practitioners have focused either on rural market development or on urban market development without considering the interdependencies and synergies between the two. However, more than ever before, emerging local and global patterns such as the modern food value-chain led by supermarkets and food processors, rapid urbanization, changes in dietary composition, and enhanced information and communication technologies point to the need to pay close attention to the role of markets both in linking rural areas with intermediate cities and market towns and promotion of economic development and poverty reduction. This paper begins with a presentation of a conceptual framework of market integration and then identifies five major factors that increase the transfer costs that subsequently hinder market integration between rural and urban areas: information asymmetry, transaction costs, transport and communication costs, policy induced barriers, and social and noneconomic factors. Five specific cases in five developing countries are examined in this study to demonstrate the primary sources of transfer costs and the aspects of market institutions that are important to market integration and promotion of rural-urban linkages. While emerging institutions such as modern intermediaries linked to supermarkets and food processors can reduce information asymmetries between rural producers and urban consumers, existing institutions such as producers’ cooperatives can pool the risks, increase the bargaining power of small producers, reduce enforcement costs, and thereby reduce transaction costs. In addition, new types of partnerships between businesses and NGOs, and between public and private sectors, can improve infrastructure provision which, in turn, can reduce transport and communication costs. To the contrary, the presence of inappropriate policies or noneconomic factors such as those that involve social exclusion take on a negative role in linking urban and rural markets.
3. Marking the land: a collection of Australian bush wisdom and humour
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Evans, Jim (author) and Dibble, Brian (author)
- Format:
- Book
- Publication Date:
- 2005
- Published:
- Australia: University of Western Australia Press, Crawley.
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: C25274
- Notes:
- James F. Evans Collection, Insights about life, conditions, people and perspectives in rural Australia, as reflected in selected sayings from essays, poems, Bush songs, novels, books, advertisements, rural residents and other sources. Photographs by Richard Woldendorp, widely acclaimed for his landscape photographs.
4. On food, farming and land management: towards a research agenda to reconnect urban and rural lives
- Collection:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center (ACDC)
- Contributers:
- Dillon, Justin (author), Rickinson, Mark (author), Sanders, Dawn (author), and Teamey, Kelly (author)
- Format:
- Book chapter
- Publication Date:
- 2005
- Location:
- Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Document Number: D08794
- Notes:
- Pages 187-203 in Dillon, Justin, Towards a convergence between science and environmental education: the selected works of Justin Dillon. United States: Routledge, New York City, New York, 2017. 361 pages.