Afro-descendant civil society organizations in Latin America have pursued an important strand of advocacy on reforming national censuses. The aim has been to increase the visibility of Afro-descendant populations through disaggregated data and thus to improve recognition of their distinct identity. Brazil is leading the way on such data collection while other countries are taking first steps, like Argentina and Chile.
The main objective of this paper is to present and analyze a fairly comprehensive and reliable set of data on income distribution in Jamaica. Jamaican households ranking in the top 20 percent in income commanded 61.5 percent of income, and those in the bottom 20 percent only 2.2 percent.
Thirty British black Caribbean graduate employees were interviewed about how and when they experienced their ethnic identity at work. The findings demonstrated that increased salience in ethnic identity was experienced in two key ways: through 'ethnic assignation' (a 'push' towards ethnic identity) and 'ethnic identification' (a 'pull' towards ethnic identity).
A brief overview of London's carnival and its beginnings in the late 1950s. Claudia Jones committed herself to both the culture and political underpinning of Caribbean carnival when she founded the event. London's West Indian community embraced carnival as an important source of celebration and cultural identity in the face of racist intimidation in Britain. The essay explores various difficulties that black British artists face gaining recognition, particularly those who work in carnival.
Territorial integrity and the nation's cohesion are often referred to as distinctive Brazilian features within the wider Latin American independence context. However, it can be argued that this historiographical approach, based on the premises of homogeneity of time, population and geography, silences the histories of several societies that coexisted in synchronicity with, but were not subjugated to, the newly independent Brazilian state. This article focuses on such peoples who were independent at the moment of Brazilian independence, and for whom, contrary to a symbol of emancipation, the independence process meant the mere continuation of the colonial project itself, namely, the quest to ?civilise?.; Territorial integrity and the nation's cohesion are often referred to as distinctive Brazilian features within the wider Latin American independence context. However, it can be argued that this historiographical approach, based on the premises of homogeneity of time, population and geography, silences the histories of several societies that coexisted in synchronicity with, but were not subjugated to, the newly independent Brazilian state. This article focuses on such peoples who were independent at the moment of Brazilian independence, and for whom, contrary to a symbol of emancipation, the independence process meant the mere continuation of the colonial project itself, namely, the quest to 'civilise'.
Policies imposed on Haiti by international financial institutions (i.e., the World Bank and International Monetary Fund) since the 1980s, such as currency devaluation and trade liberalization, negated Haitian agricultural performance and the capacity of the Haitian state to manage the economy, thus exacerbating the current food crisis.
