24 pages, Alternative food networks (AFN) are argued to provide platforms to re-socialize and re-spacealize food, establish and contribute to democratic participation in local food chains, and foster producer–consumer relations and trust. As one of the most recent examples of AFN, Participatory Guarantee Systems (PGS) have gained notable traction in attempting to redefine consumer-producer relations in the organic value chain. The participation of stakeholders, such as consumers, has been a key element theoretically differentiating PGS from other organic verification systems. While research on farmer participation in PGS is attracting interest, consumer participation is still widely overlooked. Using a mixed methods approach, this paper describes five PGS markets in Mexico, Chile and Bolivia. A survey was conducted with consumers in the PGS markets to explore their awareness of the PGS, how consumers participate in the PGS, and their level of trust in the respective PGS and its certified products. Results showed a low level of awareness of PGS among market consumers, few participation possibilities, and minimal consumer participation overall. Nevertheless, trust in organic quality was generally high. Consumers primarily relied on the direct relationship with producers and the PGS market itself as sources of trust. These results provide novel insight into PGS consumer-market interactions, and contribute to discussions concerning social embeddedness, awareness and participation within AFN.
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 161 Document Number: D07900
Notes:
In the e-book: Kerry J. Byrnes, Giants in their realms: close encounters of the celebrity kind. Posted on the website of Okemos High School Alumni, Okemos, Michigan. 48 pages.
Whitten,Norman E., Jr. (Editor) and Torres,Arlene (Editor)
Format:
Book, Edited
Publication Date:
unknown
Published:
Bloomington.: Indiana University Press
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
2 vols., If we are to understand the meanings of "blackness" in the African diaspora and elsewhere, we must critically examine the paradigms that have emerged over the past five centuries out of Euro-American racism and black liberation. So argue the editors of these seminal volumes that add immeasurably to our understanding of black experiences in Central America, South America, and the Caribbean while establishing new research directions.
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
Inter-governmental organization, composed of 25 countries from Latin America, the Caribbean, and the Iberian Peninsula, exchanging experiences and knowledge on state reform and the modernization of public administration in the search for higher levels of social development and equity; news, databases, and information on publications, meetings, projects, agreements, and more; English and Spanish.
Carmenta, Rachel (author), Coomes, David A. (author), DeClerck, Fabrice A.J. (author), Hart, Abigail K. (author), Harvey, Celia A. (author), Milder, Jeff (author), Reed, James (author), Vira, Bhaskar (author), and Estrada-Carmona, Natalia (author)
Format:
Journal article
Publication Date:
2020
Published:
International
Location:
Agricultural Communications Documentation Center, Funk Library, University of Illinois Box: 132 Document Number: D11357
Online via open access., Researchers gathered survey data on 104 integrated landscape initiatives (ILIs) within Latin America and the Caribbean jurisdictions of Puerto Rico, Cuba, and the Dominican Republic. Findings suggested four distinct strategies existed, two of which were only weakly integrated and another two of which were more ambitiously attempting integration, engaging more sectors and scales of governance, and targeting the structural barriers to sustainability.
Madrid: Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, 1953-1958.
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
2 v., "It includes what is probably the most reliable version of the Laws of Burgos in print (the comparable text of the New Laws appears, however, only in fragmentary form). It fills lacunae in the details of imperial policies for encomienda, native labor, slavery, cacicazgos, and ethnosocial relationships, especially of the latter sixteenth century." --Charles Gibson (JSTOR)
Santiago, Chile: United Nations. Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean
Location:
African American Research Center, Library, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
Notes:
ECLAC, which is headquartered in Santiago, Chile, is one of the five regional commissions of the United Nations. It was founded with the purpose of contributing to the economic development of Latin America, coordinating actions directed towards this end, and reinforcing economic ties among countries and with other nations of the world. The promotion of the region's social development was later included among its primary objectives.
In June 1951, the Commission established the ECLAC subregional headquarters in Mexico City, which serves the needs of the Central American subregion, and in December 1966, the ECLAC subregional headquarters for the Caribbean was founded in Port-of-Spain, Trinidad and Tobago. In addition, ECLAC maintains country offices in Buenos Aires, Brasilia, Montevideo and Bogotá, as well as a liaison office in Washington, D.C.
